Download MBBS Physiology Presentations 49 Hematology Blood Transfusion Lecture Notes

Download MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery) 1st Year, 2nd Year, 3rd Year and Final year Physiology 49 Hematology Blood Transfusion PPT-Powerpoint Presentations and lecture notes


Blood transfusion Physiology

Learning Objectives

Blood transfusions - basis of blood typing, Cross matching

Blood Storage in blood bank

Who can be a blood donor

Complications of Blood transfusions (transfusion reactions)

Blood components


What is blood transfusion

The transfer of blood or blood components from one person (the donor)

into the bloodstream of another person (the recipient)

Blood Typing


Cross Matching

Cross Matching is a procedure performed prior to a blood transfusion to detect

incompatibilities between the donor and recipient.

Cross Matching


Indication of blood transfusion

Many times, blood transfusion might not be without hazards, so the risk should be

weighed out against benefit.

The dictum is - TO USE BLOOD PRODUCTS ONLY WHEN NO OTHER ALTERNATIVE IS LEFT

Blood Donation : Who Can Give Blood?

Basic Eligibility Guidelines

Age:

Weight:

Hb:

Serum Transmitted Disease patient :

Vaccintion:

High Blood Pressure:

Diabetes:

Cold and Flu:

Diet:

Tattoos and Piercing:


Blood Transfusion Therapy

Storage of blood

Blood should be tested for Blood/Serum

Transmitted Diseases (STDs) before storage
Storage of blood

CPDA-1

Tri sodium citrate

26.35

(g)

Citric acid (g)

3.27

Dextrose (g)

31.90

Monobasic sodium

2.22

phosphate (g)

Adenine (g)

0.27

Distilled water (ml)

1000

Preservative (ml) /

14

100ml blood

Storage at 2-6 ?C

Hazards of blood transfusion

Transfusion reaction

Due to mismatching/hemolytic



Other than mismatching

(Agglutination/Immunologic reaction)


Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions (HTR)

Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions (HTR)
Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions (NHTR)

Mild Allergic Reactions

Anaphylactic Shock

& Non hemolytic

Spread of Serum Transmitted Disease

Transfusion of Blood Components

Transfusion of `Blood Components' is ?

When, specific portion or fraction of blood that is lacking in a patient is

transfused.

Advantages of blood component therapy

Avoids the risk of sensitizing the patients to other blood components.

Provides optimal therapeutic benefit while reducing risk of volume overload.

Increases availability of needed blood products to larger population.

Thus it is a safe and low risk procedure
Self Assessment

Critical Thinking Questions

1. Following a motor vehicle accident, a patient is rushed to the emergency department with multiple traumatic injuries,

causing severe bleeding. The patient's condition is critical, and there is no time for determining his blood type. What

type of blood is transfused, and why?

2. In preparation for a scheduled surgery, a patient visits the hospital lab for a blood draw. The technician collects a blood

sample and performs a test to determine its type. She places a sample of the patient's blood in two wel s. To the first wel

she adds anti-A antibody. To the second she adds anti-B antibody. Both samples visibly agglutinate. Has the technician

made an error, or is this a normal response? If normal, what blood type does this indicate?

Self Assessment

1. The process in which antibodies attach to antigens, causing the formation of masses of linked cells, is cal ed-

A. sensitization

B. coagulation

C. agglutination

D. hemolysis

2. People with type O blood group -

A. have both antigens A and B on their erythrocytes

B. lack both antigens A and B on their erythrocytes

C. have neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies circulating in their blood plasma

D. are considered universal recipients

3. Hemolytic disease of the newborn is a risk during a subsequent pregnancy in which:

A. a type AB mother is carrying a type O fetus

B. a type O mother is carrying a type AB fetus

C. a Rh+ mother is carrying an Rh- fetus

D. a Rh- mother is carrying a second Rh+ fetus
Thank you

This post was last modified on 08 April 2022