Download MBBS Physiology Presentations 6 Growth Hormone Lecture Notes

Download MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery) 1st Year, 2nd Year, 3rd Year and Final year Physiology 6 Growth Hormone PPT-Powerpoint Presentations and lecture notes

Growth Hormone

Bio-synthesis and mechanism of action
Long arm of chromosome 17 contains GH cluster that

contains 5 genes:

hGH-N, hGH-V, hCS
Protein metabolism

Enhancement of amino acid transport

through cell membranes

Enhancement of RNA translation to cause

protein synthesis by the ribosomes

Increased nuclear transcription of DNA to

form RNA

Decreased catabolism of protein and amino

acids- acts like protein sparer

Enhances fat utilization for

energy

Causes release of fatty acids from adipose tissue

Enhances conversion of fatty acids to acetyl co-A
Hence under the influence of GH fat is used for

energy in preference of carbohydrates and proteins

Fat utilization along with protein anabolic effect

causes an increase in lean body mass

Ketosis can occur

Excessive fat mobilization from adipose tissue also

leads to fatty liver
GH decreases carbohydrate

utilization

Decreased glucose uptake in tissues
Increased glucose production by liver

Increased

compensatory

insulin

secretion

GH is diabetogenic- fatty acids impair

insulin's action

GH fails to promote growth in animals

that lack pancreas and if carbohydrates
are excluded from diet

GH Stimulates cartilage and

bone growth

Increased

deposition of protein by

chondrocytic and osteogenic cells

Increased rate of reproduction of these

cells

Conversion of chondrocytes to osteogenic

cells

GH strongly stimulates osteoblasts
Somatomedins

Secreted by liver

Also called Insulin like Growth Factor

(IGF)

Pygmies of Africa have congenital

inability to synthesize somatomedins

Somatomedins have prolonged action