Download MBBS Physiology Presentations 6 Growth Hormone Lecture Notes

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contains 5 genes:

hGH-N, hGH-V, hCS
Protein metabolism

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Enhancement of amino acid transport

through cell membranes

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Enhancement of RNA translation to cause

protein synthesis by the ribosomes

Increased nuclear transcription of DNA to

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form RNA

Decreased catabolism of protein and amino

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acids- acts like protein sparer

Enhances fat utilization for

energy

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Causes release of fatty acids from adipose tissue

Enhances conversion of fatty acids to acetyl co-A
Hence under the influence of GH fat is used for

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energy in preference of carbohydrates and proteins

Fat utilization along with protein anabolic effect

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causes an increase in lean body mass

Ketosis can occur

Excessive fat mobilization from adipose tissue also

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leads to fatty liver
GH decreases carbohydrate

utilization

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Decreased glucose uptake in tissues
Increased glucose production by liver

Increased

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compensatory

insulin

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secretion

GH is diabetogenic- fatty acids impair

insulin's action

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GH fails to promote growth in animals

that lack pancreas and if carbohydrates
are excluded from diet

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GH Stimulates cartilage and

bone growth

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Increased

deposition of protein by

chondrocytic and osteogenic cells

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Increased rate of reproduction of these

cells

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Conversion of chondrocytes to osteogenic

cells

GH strongly stimulates osteoblasts

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Somatomedins

Secreted by liver

Also called Insulin like Growth Factor

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(IGF)

Pygmies of Africa have congenital

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inability to synthesize somatomedins

Somatomedins have prolonged action