Date: 09-12-2024
1224 E426
Second Year MBBS Examination
II MBBS Pharmacology Paper 1
Time: 3 hours

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Max Marks: 100
Instructions:
1. Answer to the points.
2. Figure to the right indicates marks.
3. Use separate answer books for each

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section.
4. Draw diagrams wherever necessary.
5. Write legibly.
Section 1
1. Answer any one of the following

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a)
(10)

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Enumerate different classes of drug
receptors. Explain their transducer
mechanisms with appropriate

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examples.
(3+5+2=10)
b)
Classify anti-depressants. Write in
detail about mechanism of action,

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clinical uses and adverse effects of
selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitors.
(4+6=10)
2. Answer Any Two of the following:

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a)
(2x6=12) (12)
A 25 year old lady is brought with
complains of recurrent episodes of
fits lasting for 2-3 minutes. She

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experiences aura before each
episode. Description of fit by the
husband corresponds to generalized
tonic clonic seizure.. Enumerate
drugs used in Epilepsy. Explain the

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mechanism of action, therapeutic
uses, adverse effects and Drug
interactions of Phenytoin.

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b)
Mr gupta, a 65 yrs old male patient is

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diagnosed as a case of prostate
cancer with multiplemetastasis in
spine and skull. He is on palliative
care and often complains pain in
whole body. The senior professor on

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rounds, instructed the students to
show utmost care and empathy
towards Mr Gupta. What is empathy
? Enumerate few ways to express
empathy towards patients.

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c)
A 56-year-old man has hypertension
and an enlarged prostate, which
biopsy shows to be benign prostatic
hyperplasia. He complains of urinary

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retention. What is the most
appropriate initial drug therapy.
Classify alpha adrenergic blocking
drugs. Enumerate their therapeutic
uses.

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3. Write short notes on any three of
the following:

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a)
(3x6=18) (18)
Bioavailability

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b)
Atracurium
c)
Preanaesthetic Medication.
d)

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Second gas effect and diffusion
hypoxia
4. Answer any five of the following
briefly:
a)

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(2x5=10) (10)
Tachyphylaxis.
b)
Mirabegron.
c)

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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring.
d)
Mechanism of action of Local
Anaesthetics.

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e)

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Non Benzodiazepine Hypnotics
f)
Serotonin syndrome.
Section 2
5. Answer any one

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a)
(10)
Classify Diuretics. Mention their
pharmacological actions. Describe
indications for use of high ceiling

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diuretics.
(3+4+3=10)
b)
Describe the pharmacological basis
for use of beta blockers in Acute

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coronary syndrome. Describe the
indications, adverse effects and
contraindications of Propranolol.
(4+2+2+2=10)
6. Answer Any Two of

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the following:
a)
(2x6=12) (12)
A 52-year-old woman presented with

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intense pain, warmth, and redness in

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the first toe on her left foot.
Examination of fluid withdrawn from
the inflamed joint revealed crystals of
uric acid. How will you manage the
acute attack. Describe uric acid

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synthesis inhibitors
b)
A 65-year-old man was diagnosed
with deep-vein thrombosis. The
patient was treated with heparin in

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bolus. One hour later, a profuse
bleeding developed on the
intravenous site. The heparin therapy
was suspended, but the bleeding
continued. What drug would you

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administer? Describe its
pharmacological basis.?
c)
A 69 year-old man visits for follow-up
chronic congestive heart failure. He

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has a marked reduction in his
ejection fraction following myocardial
infarction. He also has hypertension

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and type II diabetes mellitus. His
symptoms include dyspnea on

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exertion, orthopnea, paroxyemal
nocturnal dysnnea, and neripheral
edema. His renal function is normal.
He is put on appropriate diabetes
treatment, along with angiotensin-

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converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor
and a loop diuretic. You decide to
add digoxin to his regimen. What is
the effect of digoxin on the failing
heart? What are the side effects and

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toxicities of digoxin?
7. Write short notes on Any three of
the following:
a)
(3x6=18) (18)

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HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
b)
Direct thrombin inhibitors
c)
Renal epithelial sodium channel

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inhibitors

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d)
Selective COX inhibitors.
8. Answer why, any five of the
following briefly:

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a)
(2x5=10) (10)
Verapamil should not be given with
beta blockers.
b)

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NSAIDs diminish the action of high
ceiling diuretics.
c)
Hypokalaemia enhances digitalis
toxicity.

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d)
Statins are advised to be taken at
bed time.
e)
Isoniazid therapy produces

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pyridoxine deficiency
f)
Chronic use of amiodarone can

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induce hypothyroidism.

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Document Outline

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