Download MBBS 1st Year Physiology including Bio Physics Paper II Important Questions

MBBS First Year Physiology including Bio-Physics Paper-II
Important Question Bank
Essay Questions:
1. Describe the Arterial Blood Pressure. Describe nervous

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regulation of Arterial Blood Pressure.
2. Name the functional divisions of the Cerebellum. Describe the
structure, connections and functions of cerebellum .Mentions two
signs of cerebellar lesions.
3. Describe the physiological roles of the different types of leucocytes

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circulating in blood. Add a note on functions of lymphocytes in viral
infection.
4. Name the functional Division of Cerebellum. Describe the
Structure, connections and functions of cerebellum. Mention any
two signs of cerebellar lesion.

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5. Draw an oxygen dissociation curve & describe how oxygen is
transported in the blood.
Depict the Bohr's effect.
6. Classify pain. What are the receptors for pain? Describe the dual
Pathways for pain. What is Analgesic system in the brain?

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7. List the ascending tracts in the spinal cord and discuss the tracts
of posterior column with diagram.
8. Define cardiac output. Discuss the factors affecting cardiac output
and any one method of determination. What is the significance of
ejection fraction in ventricular functioning?

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9. Describe the connections and Functions of Hypothalamus.
10. Define cardiac cycle. Describe in detail the pressure volume changes
that occur during a Cardiac cycle with suitable Diagram.
11. Trace the pathway for perception of pain. Discuss the
descending pain modulatory pathways. Discuss the terms

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`Gating of pain' and `Referred pain'.

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12. Define the term Blood pressure. Discuss the determinants and
regulation of blood pressure
13. Describe in detail the photochemical mechanism of vision and
mechanism of dark adaptation.

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14. Describe the process of transport of carbondioxide from tissues to
lungs.
15. What are the neural mechanisms involved in spontaneous
breathing? Discuss chemical regulation of respiration. Distinguish
between the two types of respiratory failure.

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16. Define the terms Cardiac output and Total Peripheral
resistance and discuss their determinants

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17. Define cardiac cycle. Describe the sequence of events during cardiac
cycle in detail with suitable diagrams

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18. Define blood pressure. Discuss in brief the various factors which
influences the pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
19. Define cardiac output. Explain the factors regulating cardiac
output. Add a note on ejection fraction.
20. Describe in detail the Pyramidal tract. List out the differences

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between UMN and LMN lesions.
21. . Explain the chemical regulation of respiration. Add a note on
oxygen toxicity.
22. Describe the oxygen transport in blood. Add note on fetal
haemoglobin.

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23. What is cardiac cycle? Describe the various events in the cardiac
cycle.
24. Define blood pressure. Explain in detail short term regulation of
blood pressure. Add a note on hypertension.
25. Discuss in detail the neural regulation of respiration.

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26. Discuss in detail the neural regulation of respiration.
27. Describe the origin, course, termination and functions of pyramidal
tract. Write a note on upper motor lesion.
28. Describe the optic pathway from the photoreceptors to the visual
cortex. Add a note on visual field defects produced by lesions at

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various levels of the pathway.
29. Describe the structure and function of the conducting system of
the Heart. Add a note on Pacemaker Potential.
30. Describe the neural regulation of respiration. Add a note on periodic
breathing.

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31. Describe the Arterial Blood Pressure. Describe nervous
regulation of Arterial Blood Pressure.
32. Name the functional divisions of the Cerebellum. Describe the
structure, connections and functions of cerebellum .Mentions two
signs of cerebellar lesions.

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Short Answer Questions:
1. Normal ECG in Lead II
2. Regulation of coronary blood flow
3. Compliance of lung

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4. Carbon dioxide transport
5. Dysbarism
6. Functions of Thalamus
7. REM sleep
8. Decerebrate rigidity

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9. Taste pathway
10. Theories of hearing
11. State Frank Starling's law of the heart
12. List short term regulation of blood pressure
13. Intrapleural pressure

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14. State dead space and its normal value
15. Define Histotoxic hypoxia with an example
16. What is Bell ? Megendie law?
17. Four functions of Reticular activating system
18. Functions of prefrontal lobe

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19. What is Endo chochlear potential?
20. Delta waves in EEG
21. Non respiratory functions of lung
22. What is FRC? How will you measure FRC and its clinical Importance?
23. Artificial respiration

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24. Referred pain and its theories
25. Special features of coronary circulation
26. Colour Vision
27. Taste pathway
28. Explain Dark adaptation

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29. What is Myasthenia Gravis? Explain the biological basis of it's
treatment
30. Brown sequared syndrome

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31. Draw the diagram of alveocapillary membrane and write the thickness

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of it
32. What is SCUBA?

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33. Who discovered J receptors? What is its Physiological significance?
34. What are otolith organs?
35. What is alpha block?

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36. Define Frank-Starling law
37. What is Monroe Kellie Doctrine law?
38. What is Stereognosis? Where is its centre?
39. What are the functions of frontal lobe?
40. What are the mechanoreceptor? Give example

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41. What is summation? Mention its types
42. What are Cholinergic & Adrenergic receptors?
43. Draw the structure of rods & Cones
44. What is the difference between the Spasticity and Rigidity
45. Define histotoxic hypoxia

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46. Frank-starling's law of the heart
47. Cardiac pacemaker potential
48. Draw a labelled diagram of a normal ECG in lead II Write a brief
note on PR interval
49. Non progressive shock

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50. Travelling waves in the ear
51. Ventilation-perfusion ratio
52. Caisson disease
53. Brown Sequard syndrome
54. Functions of Ascending reticular activating system

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55. Role of purkinje cells of cerebellum
56. III Short Answers on :
57. Astigmatism
58. Ocular doance columns
59. Dicrotic notch

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60. Cardiac reserve
61. Reynold's number
62. J point
63. Extrasystole
64. Bell-magendie law

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65. Cog-wheel rigidity
66. Betz cells
67. Homunculus

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68. Anomic aphasia

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69. Timed vital capacity
70. Pneumotaxic centre
71. Asphyxia
72. Chemical regulation of respiration
73. Functions of middle ear

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74. Hypovolumic shock
75. Ventilation-Perfusion ratio
76. Parkinson's disease with treatment
77. Classification of nerve fibres
78. Heart Sounds

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79. Errors of refraction with correction
80. Transport of oxygen in blood
81. Waves of EEG
82. III Short Answers on:
83. Reynold's number

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84. Summation
85. Herring - Breuer inflation reflex
86. Taste receptor
87. PR interval in ECG
88. Chronaxie

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89. CSF formation
90. Phasic changes in coronary circulation
91. FEV
92. Dopae
93. Functional Residual capacity and its significance

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94. Types of Hypoxia and its cause
95. Respiratory membrane
96. Neural centres for Regulation of respiration
97. Dead space
98. Pacemaker potential

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99. Cardiac Index
100. Dark adaptation
101. Functions of Basal Ganglia
102. Vestibulo cerebellum
103. Muscles of inspiration

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104. End diastolic volume

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105.
Attenuation Reflex

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106.

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Perimetry
107. Summation
108. Referred pain
109. Types of memory
110. Thalamic syndrome

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111. Kluver Bucy syndrome
112. Ionic basis of the pace-maker potential
113. Windkessel effect of aorta
114.
Illustrate with a diagram, the left ventricular volume and

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pressure changes
115. during a cardiac cycle
116. Role of myelin sheath in conduction of nerve impulse
117. Functions of hypothalamus
118. Clinical features of cerebellar lesions

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119. Physiological roles of muscle spindle
120. Chemical regulation of respiration
121. Hamburger's chloride shift
122. Role of surfactant in pulmonary function
123. List the calcium transporters on the sarcoplasmic reticular

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membrane

in the
124. ventricular Muscle
125. State Starling's law of the heart

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126. What is the effect of , diphosphoglycerate on the oxygen-
hemoglobin
127. dissociation curve? Does it help in loading or unloading of
oxygen?
128. What are the types of hypoxia?

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129.
Region of the cochlea which vibrates most for the highest
sound frequency
130. in the audible range
131. Visual field defect when the optic chiasma is cut in the centre

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132. State the refractive error in astigmatism How is it corrected?
133. What is `Blind spot'?
134. Receptors for vestibular sensation

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135.

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Name of tracts made up by second order neurons in the pathway
for a fine touch b pain
136. Decompression sickness
137. Middle ear functions

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138.

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Define cardiac output What are the methods to measure the
cardiac output?
139.
Heart sounds
140. Define synapse and describe its properties

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141. Describe the functions of thalamus
142. What are the functions of basal ganglia?
143. Describe the physiology of speech
144. Decerebrate rigidity
145. Functions of prefrontal lobe

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146. What is P?
147. What are the types of hypoxia?
148. Mention common refractory errors of the eye
149. SA node as pacemaker
150. PR interval

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151. Reflex arc
152. Functions of cerebrospinal fluid
153. What is righting reflex?
154. Name the nuclei responsible for hunger and satiety in human
being

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155. What is referred pain?
156. List the types of shock
157. Define Preload and state its effect on cardiac function
158. Baroreceptor reflex
159.

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What is myocardial infarction? State one ECG change
in this condition
160.
Role of myelin sheath in conduction of nerve impulse
161. Conditions where Plantar response is `extensor'

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162. Finding in Weber's test in conduction deafness of the left side
163. Muscle actions responsible for a normal expiration b forced
expiration
164. Oxygen carrying capacity of blood
165.

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Hypoxic vasoconstriction ? where does it occur and what
are its complications?
166. Brown Sequard syndrome
167. Oxygen dissociation curve
168. Dead space

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169.
Hering Breuer reflex
170. Korotkoff sounds
171. Draw a diagram of the pathway of crude touch and label it

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172.
Functions of CSF
173. Fluent aphasia
174. Receptor potential
175. Motor homunculus

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176. Attenuation reflex
177. Taste pathway
178. Neural regulation of respiration
179. Functions and tests of cerebellum
180. Heart sounds

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181. Waves of ECG in Lead II
182. Different types of hypoxia
183. Aphasia
184. Stages of sleep
185. Optic pathway

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186. Functions of ascending reticular activating system
187. Components of vestibular apparatus
188. Features of Parkinson's disease
189. Functions of middle ear
190. Auditory pathway with suitable diagram

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191. Adjustment in respiratory physiology at high altitudes
192. Accommodation reflex
193. Conducting system of the heart
194. Artificial respiration
195. Conditioned reflexes

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196. Surfactant
197. Central analgesic system
198. VO Max
199. Functions of CSF
200. Decompression sickness

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201. Babinski's sign and its clinical significance
202. Functions of Hypothalamus
203. Baroreceptor reflex
204. Dark adaptation
205. Periodic breathing

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206. Pacemaker potential
207. Cardiac reserve

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208.
Referred pain theories

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209.
Features of Shock
210. Peak expiratory flow rate
211. Oxygen debt
212. Mass Reflex

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213. Impedance matching
214. Effects of lesions in optic pathway
215. Deterants of Blood pressure
216.
Phasic changes in coronary blood flow

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217. AV nodal delay
218. Properties of reflex
219. Splanchnic circulation
220. Functions of middle ear
221. Nitrogen narcosis

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222. Effects of positive `g'
223. Papez circuit
224. Heart sounds
225. Differentiate REM and NREM sleep
226. Auto rhythmicity of heart

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227. Describe the connections and functions of temporal lobe
228. Taste receptors
229. Functions of utricle and saccule
230. Sleep-Wake theory
231. Mechanism of accommodation

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232. P-R interval
233. Trichromatic theory of color vision
234. Mean arterial pressure
235. Reward and punishment centers
236. Changes in cardiac output during exercise

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237. Surfactant
238. Golgi tendon reflex
239. Oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve
240. Putamen circuit of basal ganglia
241. Caisson disease

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242. Hering - Breuer inflation reflex
243. Einthoven's law
244. Endo cochlear potential

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245.

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Describe the normal waves in electro encephalogram EEG

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246.
Presbyopia
247. Bainbridge reflex
248. Transpulmonary pressure

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249. Wernicke's and global aphasia
250. Compliance
251. Hypoxic hypoxia
252. Pacemaker potential
253. Stages of sleep

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254. Functions of cerebellum
255. Triple response
256. Bain bridge reflex
257. Residual volume
258. Artificial respiration

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259. Functions of middle ear
260. Features of Parkinsonism
261. Papez circuit
262.
Name two facilitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters and

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their sites of action
263.
Saltatory conduction
264. Sensations carried by posterior column
265. Ventricular action potential

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266. Tract of Gall and Burdach
267. Venous return
268. Lung volumes and capacities
269. Fetal circulation
270. Clinical uses of ECG

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271. Types of deafness
272. Blood ? brain barrier
273. Anaphylactic shock
274. Red ? green color blindness
275. Reflex arc

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276. Primary taste sensations
277. Functions of limbic system
278. Physiological dead space
279. Triple response
280. Non-respiratory functions of lungs

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281.
Mechanism of receptor potential

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282.
Factors regulating cardiac output

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283. Anatomic dead space
284. The law of projection
285. Types of hypoxia
286. Antegrade amnesia
287. Draw a normal electrocardiogram ECG What is Einthoven's

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triangle?
288. Respiratory exchange Ratio
289. Attenuation reflex
290. Mean arterial pressure
291. Reynold's number

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292. Astigmatism
293. Functions of thalamus
294. Hypoxic Hypoxia
295. Thalamic syndrome
296. Surfactant

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297. Sino aortic reflex
298. Myocardial Infarction
299. Measurement of dead space
300. Haldane effect
301. Ventilation perfusion ratio

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302. Give two examples of high cardiac output state and
303. low cardiac output state
304. AV nodal delay
305. Synaptic plasticity
306. Prefrontal lobotomy

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307. Accommodation reflex pathway
308. Travelling wave theory of hearing
309. Taste pathway
310. Brown ? sequard syndrome
311. Histotoxic hypoxia

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312. Physiology of fetal circulation before and after birth
313. Special features of coronary circulation
314. Caisson's disease
315. Implicit memory
316. Stages of sleep cycle

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317.
Denervation hypersensitivity
318. Deterants of force of contraction of heart

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319.

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Bohr effect
320. Jugular venous pulse
321. Endogenous opioids
322. Mouth to mouth respiration
323. Heart block

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324. Respiratory distress syndrome of new born
325. Non respiratory functions of the Lung
326. Oxy ?Haemoglobin Dissociation Curve
327. Heart Sounds
328. Functions of Basal Ganglia

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329. Name Four properties of Synapse
330. Receptor Potential
331. Reynold's Number
332. Artificial Respiration
333. Vital capacity

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334. Errors of Refraction
335. Functions of Thalamus
336. Papez Circuit
337. Functions of Cerebro Spinal Fluid
338. Bell Magendie Law

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339. Referred pain
340. Factors affecting cardiac output
341. Pacemaker potential
342. ECG ?Lead ?II
343. Auditory Pathway

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344. Functions of cerebellum
345. Lung Compliance
346. Exchange Vessels
347. Functions of parietal lobe
348. Waves of EEG

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349. Referred pain
350. Circadian Rhythm
351. Aphasia
352. Kluver Bucy Syndrome
353. Homunculus

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354. Sensation carried by posterior column

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355.
Chloride Shift

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356.

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Changes that occur in acclimatization
357. Draw a normal spirogram and write about the volumes and
capacities

of lung

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358. Polysomnography
359. Functions of Hypothalamus
360. Peculiarities of pulmonary circulation
361. Hypovolemic Shock
362. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

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363. Control of Appetite
364. Colour vision

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