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UNIVERSITY OF JAFFNA, SRI LANKA
SECOND EXAMINATION FOR MEDICAL DEGREES -PART I (1st) January 2021
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Date: 06.01.2021
Parasitology
Answer all questions within the space provided
Time allotted: 02 hour
- Although a Life-threatening vector borne protozoan disease was successfully eliminated from the country, incidence of another vector borne protozoan disease is drastically increasing in the recent past
- Mention the vector borne protozoan disease which is emerging in the country (05 marks) in the recent past.
- Outline the pathogenesis of the disease condition you mentioned in 1.1 (20 marks)
- Briefly explain the procedure that may help to confirm the diagnosis of the (30 marks) disease condition you mentioned in 1.1
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- Mention the challenges faced by the health authorities regarding the above disease in the following aspects
- Diagnosis (15 marks)
- Treatment (15 marks)
- Vector control (15 marks)
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- Mention the challenges faced by the health authorities regarding the above disease in the following aspects
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- During a medical screening carried out in a girl's school, it was observed that majority of the girls were having pediculosis and few of them were infested with scabies.
- Name the ecto parasites that would have caused the conditions observed (05 marks) among the school girls
- Pediculosis
- Scabies
- Outline the procedure of examining the students for the confirmation of the (30 marks) above mentioned parasitic conditions
- Pediculosis
- Scabies.
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- Name the ecto parasites that would have caused the conditions observed (05 marks) among the school girls
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- Outline the treatment and management of the following conditions
- Pediculosis
- Scabies (40 marks)
- Briefly explain the major challenges encountered in the control of the above parasitic conditions in a community setup (Example: School). (25 marks)
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- Outline the treatment and management of the following conditions
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- An overseas traveler would like to visit Sri Lanka to spend his summer vacations. However, his concerns are about contracting some parasitic infections prevalent in the country
- Name the protozoan parasite that may cause the following clinical conditions (05 marks) in Sri Lanka.
- Blood and mucous diarrhea.
- Watery diarrhea
- Outline the confirmatory procedure, if that traveler gets the parasitic (20 marks) condition mentioned in 3.1.1
- List the self-protective measures that he has to adopt in order to prevent from (15 marks) acquiring the parasitic infections mentioned in 3.1.1?
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- Name the protozoan parasite that may cause the following clinical conditions (05 marks) in Sri Lanka.
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- Name the intestinal parasites that he can acquire by eating the following (05 marks) partially cooked meat
- Pork
- Beef.
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- Outline the laboratory procedure which would help to confirm the parasitic (20 marks) condition you mentioned in 3.4.2.
- Mention the risk of acquiring any parasitic skin condition when he plays on (05 marks) the beach which is contaminated with the feces of dogs.
- State, how can he prevent himself from contracting above mentioned (10 marks) parasitic condition mentioned in 3.6
- How can he prevent himself from acquiring a mosquito borne disease in Sri (20 marks) Lanka?
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- Name the intestinal parasites that he can acquire by eating the following (05 marks) partially cooked meat
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- The national survey on intestinal nematodes in Sri Lanka conducted in 2017 reported a low prevalence of soil transmitted helminths (STH) which was <1% at national level. Based on the above finding the Family Health Bureau has developed a revised guideline on de-worming to improve the health status of mothers and children in Sri Lanka. The new recommendation for de-worming is mainly depend on the level of risk of infection categorically high risk, intermediate risk and low risk areas.
- Outline the possible reasons for the low prevalence of STH in Sri Lanka in (20 marks) the recent past
- State the major health issues of STH infections in pregnant women (20 marks)
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- List the health implications of STH infections in children (20 marks)
- What are the recommendations to de-worm a pregnant woman as per the new (20 marks) guideline?
- What is the rationale behind the above recommendation (10 marks)
As per the new guideline, the routine de-worming is not recommended for the children in the low-risk districts. - Name the drug recommended for the routine de-worming programe in Sri Lanka (10 marks)
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- A 35-year-old farmer was admitted to the emergency unit of THJ with the history of an unidentified snakebite after 3 hours. On admission, he had pain, followed by swelling at bite site in the left foot. He also complained of double vision and difficulty in speech. The medical officer in charge did an initial clinical assessment and taken blood sample to perform an urgent ward test
- Name the snakes which may cause the clinical manifestations specified in the history of the above patient. (20 marks)
- What could the laboratory test that the clinician ordered urgently (10 marks)
- Indicate the reasons for ordering the above test urgently (20 marks)
- If the blood test which you have mentioned in 2 is positive what could the (10 marks) most likely offending snake
- State the reasons for repeating the above blood test after 06 hours. (20 marks)
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Immediately after obtaining the test result the clinician decided to give the anti-venom and requested the nursing officer to repeat the same blood test after 06 hours. - If the above blood test is positive even after 06 hours what is your interpretation (20 marks)
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