First Year MBBS Examination
I MBBS PHYSIOLOGY PAPER I
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100
Date: 31-03-2023
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Instructions: INSTRUCTIONS: Attempt allquestions in both sections: (Use separate
answer book for each section)
Section 1
1. Fill in the blanks: (6)
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a. Sodium enters the cell during the upstrokeof the action potential and the major
mechanism for removal and extrusion of
Na+ from the cell in this instance is
___________.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
b. The substance that contributes maximallyto osmolality inside the cell is
___________.
c. The phase of action potential caused by
inactivation of Na+ channels in a nerve
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
axon is known as ___________.d. ___________. is the sensory system
where the transducer and spike generator
are located on the same cell.
e. he infant condition (as observed by
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
parents) of ___________. is most closelyrelated to Slow-Wave Sleep (SWS).
f. Multiple sclerosis is a disease that attacks
the ___________. of neurones in the
Central Nervous System (CNS).
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
2. Choose the correct option in the followingmultiple choice questions: (4)
a. A man falls into deep sleep with one arm
under his head. After awakening the arm
is paralyzed but tingling sensation and
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
pain sensation persists. This loss of motorfunction without the loss of sensory
function is due to; a) A Fibers are more
susceptible to hypoxia than B Fibers. b) A
Fibers are more sensitive to pressure than
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
C Fibers. c) C Fibers are more sensitive to
pressure than A Fibers. d) Sensory Nerves
are nearer bone and hence affected by
Pressure.
b. When a normally innervated skeletal
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
muscle is stretched the initial response iscontraction, with increase in the stretch
sudden relaxation occurs because of; a)
Decrease in Gamma Efferent Discharge.
b) Inhibition of the Discharge from
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Annulospiral Endings of Afferent NerveFibers. c) Decreased activity of afferent
nerve fibers from Golgi Tendon Organs. d)
Increased activity of afferent nerve fibers
from Golgi Tendon Organs
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
c. Sweat in patients acclimatised to hotweather (as compared to patients in a
temperature climate) contains less Na+
because: a) Takes longer for Na+ to be
transported through sweat ducts. b)
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Aldosterone effect, causing a reduction inNa+ in sweat. c) Increased intake of water
causing a reduction in Na concentration.
d) None of the above.
d. Which of the following is a feature of both
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
the stretch reflex and the withdrawalreflex? a) Irradiation. b) After-discharge. c)
Small afferent fibres. d) Reciprocal
innervation.
3. Clinical Case Study (Clinical Case
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
Description): A 30-year-old woman, with a28-day menstrual cycle, consults her
gynaecologist for various forms of barrier
(15) methods, the patient now wants to.
contraception. On having tried 'the pill' or an
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
'injection'. She further informs that she andher husband travel a lot and often forgets to
take her prescribed antibiotics. From the
cafeteria approach, the woman decides to try
a long-acting depot injection of progesterone
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
hormone, medroxyprogesterone (depo-progesterone). She is given the injection and
instructed to follow up in 3 months for the
next injection. Answer the following questions
with diagrams wherever necessary. a) How
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
do injectable hormones or hormone pillsprovide contraception? b) Give the location
of receptor for progesterone and enumerate
mechanism of action of progesterone at
cellular level. c) Define Exocytosis and
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
explain the features of Exocytosis. d)Describe cellular physiology of second
messenger system. c) Describe the various
neurophysiological phases of a 28-day
menstrual cycle of the said patient.
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
4. Write short notes on (Any five): (10)a. Humoral Immunity
b. Rheobase and Chronaxie
c. Metabotropic receptors
d. Pituitary dwarf (C2-675)
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
e. Myoglobinf. Receptor potential (C1-38)
5. Explain briefly (Any three): (15)
a. Heat stroke
b. Compound action potential
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
c. Servo-controller mechanisms of glucosehomeostasis
d. Gibbs-Donnan equilibrium
Section 2
1. Define Diabetes Mellitus. Discuss in detail
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
the physiological axes of glucosehomeostasis and give the rationale of
management profile of life style modifications
in (20) Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).
2. What will happen and why (Any fivc): (10)
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
a. Repeated stimulation of a skeletal musclefibre result in sustained contraction
leading to increased tension (Tetanus).
b. A 38-year-old woman with myasthenia
gravis notes an increase in muscle
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
strength on treatment with neostigmine, anacetyl cholinesterase inhibitor.
c. Elevated K+ concentration causes severe
muscle weakness.
d. Patient with Cushing's Disease has hyper-
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
pigmentation.e. Oral glucose is more effective that
intravenous glucose in releasing
endogenous insulin.
f. The serum T3 levels are reduced in
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
starvation.3. Explain briefly (Any four): (20)
a. Type I skeletal Muscle Fibers
b. Myopia (C2-1105)
c. Functions of middle ear. (C2-1075)
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---
d. Neural circuitry and functions of basalganglia
e. Neurophysiology of sleep
***
***
--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---