SPOTTING
SPOT 1
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- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- CALORIE CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
- PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
- DEFINE SUPPLEMENTARY ACTION OF PROTEINS.
Wheat.
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346kcal. 11.8gm%
When combine with pulses it supplement methionine which is deficient in pulses.
SPOT 2
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- CALORIE CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
- PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
- DEFINE SUPPLEMENTARY ACTION OF PROTEINS.
- DEFINE PARBOILING.
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Rice. 345kcal. 7gm%
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When combine with pulses it supplement methionine which is deficient in pulses.
Partial cooking in steam.preserving the nutritive quality of rice .by hot soaking process.
SPOT 3
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- CALORIE CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
- PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
- DEFICIENT AMINO ACID.
- DISEASE ASSOCIATED.DEFINE
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Maize. 342kcal. 11.1gm%
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Tryptophan and lysine
Pellgrogenic bcoz leucine is in excess of amount which interfere conversion of tryptophan into niacin.
SPOT 4
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- CALORIE CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
- PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
- IRON CONTENT PER 100 GRAM
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Bajra (pearl millet)
361
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11.6
8
SPOT 5
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- CALORIE CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
- PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
- DEFINE SUPPLEMENTARY ACTION OF PROTEINS.
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Green gram
348
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24.5
Pulses supplements threonine and lysine which are limiting A.A. in cerals
SPOT 6
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- CALORIE CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
- PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
- DEFINE SUPPLEMENTARY ACTION OF PROTEINS.
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Bengal gram
360
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17.1
Same as green gram
SPOT 7
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- CALORIE CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
- PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
- DEFINE SUPPLEMENTARY ACTION OF PROTEINS.
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Red gram
335
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22.3
Same as green gram
SPOT 8
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- CALORIE CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
- PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
- DEFINE SUPPLEMENTARY ACTION OF PROTEINS.
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Black gram
347
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24.5
Same as green gram
SPOT 9
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- CALORIE CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
- PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
- CALCIUM CONTENT PER 100 GRAM.
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Soyabean
432kcal
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43.2g%
240 mg
SPOT 10
- PROTEIN CONTENT PER EGG.
- ENERGY CONTENT PER EGG.
- DEFINE NPU.
- NPU FOR EGG.
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- An egg of 60 gm= 6 gm
- An egg of 60 gm = 70 kcal
- product of digestibility coefficient and biological value divided by 100.
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NPU= nitrogen retained by body / nitrogen intake ×100
SPOT 11
- PROTEIN CONTENT PER 100 ML OF COW MILK. = 3.2
- ENERGY CONTENT PER 100 ML OF COW MILK. = 67kcal
- DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COW AND HUMAN MILK.
- NPU FOR MILK. =. 75
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A.3. cow human milk
Fat. 4.1 3.4
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Protein 3.2 1.1
Lacto 4.4 7.4
Calcium 120 28
Iron 0.2. 0.4
Energy 67 65
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SPOT 12
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- DEFINE GLYCEMIC INDEX.
Jaggry
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G.I. of a food is defined by the area under the two hour blood glucose response curve (AUC) following ingestion of fixed portion of test carbohydrate(usually 50gm) as a proportion (%) of the AUC of the std. (either glucose or white bread)
SPOT 13
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- NAME DISEASES TRANSMITTED.
- CONTROL MEASURES.
- LLINS
- IRS.
- INSECTICIDE USED IN LLIN
- INSECTICIDE USED IN IRS.
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Female anopheles. Malaria & filaria(not in India) .
Residual spray (DDT, Malathion, Lindane, OMS33), space spray (pyrethrum extract), Genetic control.
Long lasting insecticidal nets
Indoor residual spray
Permethrin or Delta methrin
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DDT, Malathion, Lindane, OMS-33
SPOT 14
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- NAME DISEASES TRANSMITTED.
- CONTROL MEASURES.
- LLINS
- IRS.
- INSECTICIDE USED IN LLIN
- INSECTICIDE USED IN IRS.
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Female adese
Dengue, DHF, chikungunya fever, CHF, rift valley fever, filaria (not in India)
SPOT 15
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- NAME DISEASES TRANSMITTED.
- CONTROL MEASURES.
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Head louse
Epidemic typhus, trench fever, relapsing fever, dermatitis
Insecticidal control(0.5%malathion, carbaryl powder) and personal hygiene (wash & clean hairs, clothing towels sheets washed in hot water and soap, steam sterilization)
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SPOT 16
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- NAME DISEASES TRANSMITTED.
- CONTROL MEASURES.
- TREATMENT.
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Itch mite
Scabies
Benzyl benzoate, gamma HCH (0.5to 1%) Tetmosol,. Sulphur ointment. (2.5 to 10%)
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SPOT 17
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- NAME DISEASES TRANSMITTED.
- CONTROL MEASURES.
Rat flea
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Bubonic plague, endemic typhus, chiggerosis
Insecticidal control (DDT, gamma HCH and dieldrin, carbaryl or diazinon).
Repellent (diethyltolumide) & Rodent control.
SPOT 18
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- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- NAME DISEASES TRANSMITTED.
- CONTROL MEASURES.
Hard tick
Tick typhus, viral encephalitis, viral fever, KFD, tularemia, tick paralysis
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Insecticidal control (DDT, Lindane, Malathion, chlordane, dieldrin)
Environmental control (cracks and crevices filled up, animal hosts reduced)
Protection of worker
SPOT 19
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- IDENTIFY THE SPOT. = Soft tick
- NAME DISEASES TRANSMITTED.
- CONTROL MEASURES.
Q fever, relapsing fever
Control same as hard tick
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SPOT 20
- USES.
- DOSE
- MECHANISM OF ACTION.
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Control of aedes
1.0ppm
Contact poison act on nervous system)
SPOT 21
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- USES.
- DOSE
- MECHANISM OF ACTION.
SPOT 22
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- USES.
- DOSE
- MECHANISM OF ACTION.
Rodenticide
0.75 to2% solution (as one part with ten part of flour)
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Generate toxic phosphene gas with gastric acid
SPOT 23
- USES.
- DOSE
- MECHANISM OF ACTION.
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As a residual spray (1-2 g/sqm) for antiadult mosquito control measure and as a dust(5 to 10%) control of lice, ticks, bugs.
MOA- contact poison (act on nervous system)
SPOT 24
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- USES.
- DOSE
- MECHANISM OF ACTION.
MOA - contact poison (AChE inhibitor)
Uses- killing adult mosquito to prevent DHF and encephalitis epidemic.
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Dose- 1-2 gper sq.ft.
SPOT 25
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- DEFINE DISINFECTION.
- AGENT USED TO DISINFECT WATER.
- DEFINE OTA TEST.
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Orthotoluidene arsenite test -
* Free and combined chlorine separately. when orthotolidine dissolved in 10% solution of HCI result as a reagent formation. When this reagent added to water containing chlorine yellow colour is produced instant for free and more slowly with combined chlorine
A.3. Bleaching powder
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SPOT 26
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- NAME DISEASES TRANSMITTED.
- CONTROL MEASURES.
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House flies
Typhoid, diarrhoea, dysentery, cholera, gastroenteritis, amoebiasis, poliomyelitis, conjunctivitis, trachoma, anthrax
Environmental control
Insecticidal control
Fly paper
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Health education
SPOT 27
- DOSE.
- INDICATION.
- CATEGORIES OF ANIMAL BITE.
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40IU/kg be
Post exposure prophylaxis asap
3 category
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SPOT 28
- DOSE.
- INDICATION.
- CATEGORIES OF ANIMAL BITE.
20IU/kg
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3 categories
SPOT 29
- PRIMARY WOUND MANAGEMENT OF ANIMAL BITE.
- CATEGORISATION OF ANIMAL BITE.
- POST- EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS (IM)
- POST- EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS (ID)
- PRE- EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIX
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A.3.( 0.5 mL a) essens regimen-
0,3,7,14,28 = 5 vials 5 visits
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B) zareb regimen - 0,7,21
4 vials 3 visits (2-1-1)
A.4.(0.1 ml)ID per site
0,3,7,28
2-2-2-0-2 <2 vials 4 viAl
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A.5. IM 1 ml or 0.5 ml or ID of 0.1 ml volume per site on days 0,7,and21or28.
SPOT 30
- DOSE AND TIMING.
- SITE.
- CONTRAINDICATION.
- EXPLAIN PHENOMENON WHICH OCCURS AFTER BCG VACCINATION.
- ADVERSE REACTION.
- DILUENT.
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0.05ml till one month, 1 ml for one age (early as possible after birth)
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ID It upper arm
Pt suffering from.eczema, immolunodeficient, immunosuppressive, pregnancy,
Disseminateed infection, lymphadenitis, osteomyelitis, anaphylaxis, fever, sepsis, TSS
Normal saline
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SPOT 31
- DOSE AND TIMING.
- SITE.
- CONTRAINDICATION.
- ADVERSE REACTION.
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0,6,10,14 wk
Oral two drops
same as BCG
AFP, anaphylaxis
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SPOT 32
- DOSE AND TIMING.
- SITE.
- CONTRAINDICATION.
- ADVERSE REACTION.
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6,10,14 wks
0.5 ml IM antrolateral side of mid thigh
Same
Local reactions, seizures, hypotonic hyporesponsiv episode, anaphylaxis, encephalopathy
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SPOT 33
- DOSE AND TIMING.
- SITE.
- CONTRAINDICATION.
- ADVERSE REACTION.
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three oral dose at 6,10,14 wks
Same
First dose should not be given after 12 wks of age
SPOT 35
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- DOSE AND TIMING.
- SITE.
- CONTRAINDICATION.
- ADVERSE REACTION.
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SPOT 35
- DOSE AND TIMING.
- SITE.
- CONTRAINDICATION.
- ADVERSE REACTION.
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SPOT 36
- DOSE AND TIMING.
- SITE.
- CONTRAINDICATION.
- ADVERSE REACTION.
- DILUENT.
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SPOT 37
- DOSE AND TIMING.
- SITE.
- CONTRAINDICATION.
- ADVERSE REACTION.
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0.5ml, IM, 2dose 1 month gap after1 year booster IM in upper arm
C/I - allergy, immunocompromised pt., Immunosuppressive therapy, neurological disease
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A/R - brachial neuritis, weakness, wasting, itiching, pain
SPOT 38
- IDENTIFY THE OBJECT.
- USES.
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SPOT 39
- DOSE AND TIMING.
- SITE.
- CONTRAINDICATION.
- ADVERSE REACTION.
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2,4,6,12 through 15 months
I.m.
SPOT 40
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- IDENTIFY THE OBJECT.
- USES.
- DEFINE COLD CHAIN.
- DEFINE VVM.
.cold chain- a system of storage and transport of vaccine at low temperature, include 6 rights (time, vaccine, quantity, place, condition, cost).
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Vvm is a chemical indicator label attached to the vaccine container it records cummulative heat exposure through gradual change in colour.
SPOT 41
- IDENTIFY THE OBJECT.
- USES.
- DEFINE COLD CHAIN.
- DEFINE VVM.
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SPOT 42
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- NAME ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS.
- CONTENT OF MUFA.
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Grond nut
Oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid
41% of total f.a.
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SPOT 43
- IRON AND FA CONTENT IN EACH TABLET.
- EXPLAIN WIFS.
- RDA OF IRON FOR adolescent
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100mg plus 500 microgram
Weekly for adolescent, school or at aanganwadi, deep blue colour blisters
Prophylaxis
RDA man-17
Women-21
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Pregnant-35
Lactating-25
SPOT 44
- DOSE AND SCHEDULE.
- VITAMIN A RICH FOOD PRODUCTS.
- ASSOCIATED DISEAS
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First dose one lakh at nine months,
Next doses of two lakh with a gap of six months (total nine doses 17 lakh)
Night blindness, xerophthalmia, corneal xerosis, sclerosis, ulcers
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SPOT 45
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- DEFINE PEM. CLASSIFY PEM ACCORDING TO SPOT.
- WHAT IS MUAC? CUT-OFF LIMIT FOR MUAC.
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SPOT 46
- INDICATIONS.
- WHAT IS RESOMAL?
- WHAT IS SUPER ORS?
- HOW DO YOU PREPARE ORS AT HOME?
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SPOT 47
- MECHANISM OF ACTION.
- FAILURE RATE.
- ADVANTAGES.
- DISADVANTAGES.
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SPOT 48
- MECHANISM OF ACTION.
- DOSE SCHEDULE.
- FAILURE RATE.
- CONTRAINDICATIONS.
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DMPA 150 mg every 3 months IM inj
Supperation of ovulation cervical mucus thickning
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Irregular menstrual bleeding, infertility, no child
SPOT 49
- MECHANISM OF ACTION.
- DOSE SCHEDULE.
- FAILURE RATE.
- CONTRAINDICATIONS.
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Centchromen (saheli)
Once a week pill
Take twice a week for three months, than one tablet per week
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Prevent implantation
PCOD,cervical hyperplasia, h/o jaundice, allergies
1.83 to 2.8
SPOT 50
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- IDENTIFY THE OBJECT
- MECHANISM OF ACTION.
- TIMING OF INSERTION.
- FAILURE RATE.
- ADVERSE EFFECTS.
- CONTRAINDICATION
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Cellular and biochmical changes in endometium, biochmical changes in mucus, inhibit sperm motility and capicitation
0.5 to 0.8
Suspected pregnancy, vaginal bleeding, previous ectopic pregnancy, PID, malignancy,
Adverse effects- ectopic pregnancy, expulsion, pelvic infection, pregnancy,mortility, pain, bleeding
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SPOT 51
- MECHANISM OF ACTION.
- DOSE SCHEDULE.
- FAILURE RATE.
- CONTRAINDICATIONS.
- ADVERSE EFFECTS.
- ADVANTAGES.
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combined pill,
Levanogesterol0.15mg,
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Ethinylestradiol 0.03mg
Failure rate-zero
Prevent the release of ovum, blocking gonadotropin, cervical mucus thickness, penetration inhibitor, motility inhibitor, sperm transport delayed
Cancer of breasts and genital, history of heart disease, hyperlipidemia, thromboembolism, abnormal uterine bleeding, age more than 40, smoking, htn, renal, migraine etc
CVS complications, carcinogenic, metabolic effect, liver renal disorder, foetal Dev inhibit, weight gain, headache, migraine, ectopic pregnancy, bleeding, infertility, breasts tenderness
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100% effective, anxiety remove, against six disease IDA, PID, ovarian cancer, ectopic pregnancy, fibro cystic disease
SPOT 52
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- MANAGEMENT.
- RDA VITAMIN A.
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RDA 600 RE in adult
950 RE. For pregnant
SPOT 53
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- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- PREVENTION AND CONTROL MEASURES.
- COMPLICATIONS.
- measle vaccine
-igs
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-isolation, immunization of contacts,
C- otitis media, pneumonia, pulmonary complications, neurological complications ( encephalitis,sspe),congenital abnormalities during pregnancy, abortion, premature delivery, def of vit A
SPOT 53
- IDENTIFY THE SPOT.
- PREVENTION AND CONTROL MEASURES.
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iodized salt, iodized oil IM inj or orally,
lodine monitoring, man powerminitraining, mass communication
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