Download WBUHS 1st Year MBBS Phisiology Syllabus

FirstRanker.com

Syllabus for First professional M.B.B.S in Physiology including Biophysics

Lecture : 160 hrs.

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

Practical : 160 hrs.

Tutorial including Group discussion, Seminar, Items : 160 hrs.

TOTAL : 480 hrs.

1st Semester

Lecture & Tutorial : 1. General Physiology

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

(Topics of Physiology – Paper 1) : 2. Nerve muscle Physiology

3. Blood

4. G.I System

5. Respiratory System

6. Cardiovascular System.

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

Practical : 1. Haematology – Practicals

2. Amphibian Practicals

Total No. of weeks : 400 weeks

Per week allotment : 12 hrs.

Lecture : 04 hrs.

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Practicals : 04 hrs

Tutorials etc. : 04 hrs.

Courses and Curriculum: 06 hrs.

1. General Physiology & Biophysics
1. Molecular structure of cell membrane and its functions. Types of transport across cell membrane.

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

2. Intercellular connections.
3. Resting membrane potential an Action potential.
4. Homoeostasis.
5. Physical principals governing flow of blood I heart and blood vessels (to be taught with CVS).
6. Physical principles governing air flow in respiratory passage (to be taught with Respiratory System).

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

2. Nerve muscle physiology: 08 hrs.
1. Neurone: Structure, degeneration, regeneration, denervation hypersensitivity, electro genesis of action potential.
2. Neuro mascular transmission and its clinical application.
3. Functional anatomy of skeletal muscle. Mechanism of muscle contraction and relaxation, contracture, rigor mortice, isotonic & isometric contraction, energy sources and metabolism, motor unit, size principle, recruitment
4. Types of smooth muscles and mechanism of contraction.

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

3. Blood: 20 hrs.
1. Composition and functions of blood.
2. Plasma proteins – types, origin, functions, applied importance
3. R.B.C – morphology, erythropoiesis, functions, fate
4. ESR and its clinical importance

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

5. Haemoglobin – structure, types, compounds of haemoglobin, abnormal haemoglobin, RBC indices - PCV,MCV,MCH, MCHC, Colour index.
6. Anaemia - Types with examples
7. Polyeythaemia
8. Iron metabolism
9. WBCL Types, morphology, leucopoiesis, functions

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

10. Immunity: Humoral & cellular, mechanism of immune response, immunoglobulins.

4. k. Monocyte – Macrophage system.

   1. Platelets: structure and functions

   m. Haemostasis: Role of platelets, Blood coagulation, anticlotting mechanisms, anticoagulants.

   n. Bleeding disorders: Purpura, Hemophilia, Vitamin K deficiency, tests for bleeding disorders.

   --- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

   o. Thrombotic disorders: Thrombosis embolism

   p. Blood group: different systems, Blood grouping & cross matching and clinical importance.

   q. Blood transfusion: Hazards of blood transfusion, storage of blood

5. Gastrointestinal System: 14 hrs.

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

1. Characteristics of G.I wall
2. Neutral control of G.I function.
3. G.I. Hormones
4. Saliva: Composition, Functions, control of secretion.
5. Gastric juice: Composition, mechanism of secretion, functions, regulation of secretion, mucosal barrier, peptic ulcer, gastrectomy, Dumping Syndrome, gastric function tests (to be taught in Biochemistry)

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

6. Pancreatic juice: Composition, functions, regulation, applied importance
7. Liver & Gall Bladder: Composition & functions of bile, control of secretion, functions of gall bladder, gall stones, enterohepatic circulation, jaundice, functions of liver & L.F.T.
8. Small intestine: Composition & regulation of secretion and functions of intestinal juice.
9. Large intestine: Functions
10. Digestion & Absorption: (to be taught in Biochemistry)

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

11. Movements of GI tract: Mastication deglutition, gastric motility and emptying, intestinal motility with reference to BER, small bowel wave, peristalsis, paralytic ileus defecation.
6. Respiratory Systems: 16 hrs.
1. Functional Anatomy and functions of respiratory system.
2. Mechanics of respiration.
3. Lung volumes and capacities: definition, normal values, their measurement and clinical importance

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

4. Pulmonary ventilation,, alveolar ventilation, dead space.
5. Diffusion of gases across alveocapillary membrane, diffusing capacity.
6. Pulmonary circulation.

7. g. Oxygen & carbon dioxide transport in blood.

   h. Pressure changes during ventilation, pressure volume relationship including surfactant and compliance, airway resistance, work of breathing

   --- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

   i. Control of respiration: neutral control, chemical control, response to exercise, periodic breathing.

   j. Hypoxia including high altitude physiology and acclimatization, asphyxia, cyanosis, oxygen therapy and toxicity.

   k. Effects of increased barometric pressure – nitrogen narcosis, high pressure nervous syndrome, decompression sickness (Caissons disease).

   1. Artificial respiration

   m. Lung function tests.

   --- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

8. Cardio-vascular system: 22 hrs.
1. Functional anatomy of heart and blood vessels.
2. Properties of cardiac muscle.
3. Origin & spread of cardiac impulse, heart block, cardiac arrhythmias.

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

4. ECG: leads, principles of normal recording, normal waves & internal & their interpretations, electrical axis of the heart including left and right axis deviation, clinical uses of ECG.
5. Cardiac cycle: Mechanical events, pressure changes in atria, ventricles, aorta, pulmonary artery and jugular vein. End diastolic volume, end systolic volume, ejection fraction.
6. Heart sounds: normal character, physiological basis of splitting, murmur.
7. Cardiac output: definition, determination, factors regulating, venous return.
8. Arterial pulse: normal & abnormal

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

9. Physical principles governing flow of blood in heart & blood vessels, laminar flow, turbulent flow, Reynolds number, peripheral resistance, Poiseuille-Hagen formulae.
10. Arterial pressure: total pressure, lateral pressure, Bernoullis principle, importance of different pressure, measurement, factors controlling B.P effects of gravity, posture and exercise on B.P Hypertension & hypotension
11. Regulation of CVS: local regulation including auto regulation of blood flow, vasoconstrictors 7 vasodialators, substances secreted by endothelium including No. systemic regulation – humoral & neutral, innervation of heart and blood vessels, cardiovascular centers, cardiovascular reflexes, regulation of B.P & heart rate.

9. 1. Regional circulation: coronary circulation, cutaneous circulation, pulmonary cerebral, renal circulation will be taught in respective systems.

   m. Cardio - vascular adjustments in health 7 disesse: effects of exercise, haemorrhage & shock.

   --- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

10. Endocrine system: 20 hrs.
1. General organization of endocrine glands & control system
2. Mechanism of hormone action.
3. Biosynthesis, regulation of secretion, transport, fate and actions hormones secreted form Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Thyriod, Adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla, Parathyroid (along with calcium metabolism) and endocrine pancreas, importance to be given to clinical conditions associated with hypo and hyper functions of these glands.

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

11. Reproductive system 10 hrs.
1. Sex differentiation and development of Reproductive system.
2. Aberrant sexual differentiation, chromosomal abnormalities, developmental abnormalities
3. Puberty, precocious and delayed puberty
4. Climacteric.

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

5. Male reproductive system: Spermatogenesis, endocrine functions of testis, abnormalities of testicular function, cryptorchidism, male hypogonadism, sterility.
6. Female reproductive system: ovary, oogenesis, ovulation, corpus luteum, ovarian hormones oestrogen, progesterone, relaxin, control of ovarian functions by hypothalamic and pituitary hormones.
7. Menstrual cycle: ovarian cycle, uterine cycle, hormonal basis, abnormalities of menstruation, infertility
8. Pregnancy: Fertilization, implantation, placental hormones, pregnancy tests, parturition.
9. Lactation

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

10. Contraception.
12. Excretory System: 12 hrs.
1. Functional anatomy of kidney, nephron-structure, parts, function, types,
2. Juxtaglomerular apparatus: autoregulation, peculiarities, measurement.
3. Glomerular filtration: filtration barrier, forces governing filtration, mesurement.

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

4. Tabular functions: reabsorption, secretion, Tm values
5. Regulation of ECF – volume, osmolality and electrolytes

13. f. Acid base balance (to be taught in biochemistry)

    g. Micturition

    h. Renal function tests, renal clearance, abnormal constituents of urine

    --- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

    i. Excretory functions of skin

14. Nervous system:
1. Organisation of nervous system, functional anatomy of brain and spinal cord, neuron, neuroglia
2. Cerebral circular, CSF, blood-brain barrier

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

3. Synapse - types, properties, synaptic transmission, neurotransmitters
4. Sensory receptors: classification, generator potential, properties,
5. Reflex action: definition, reflex arc, stretch reflex, inverse stretch reflex, withdrawal reflex
6. Sensory system: touch, pain, temperature, vibration, proprioception, ascending tracts, sensory cortex
7. Pain: types, visceral pain, pain inhibiting mechanism, gating of pain, opioids, analgesia, hyperalgesia, thalamic syndrome

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

8. Motor system: motor cortex, descending tracts – pyramidal & extrapyramidal tracts, upper motor neurone lesion, lower motor neurone lesion, hemiplegia, paraplegia, monoplegia.
9. Injuries of spinal cord: complete transaction, hemisection.
10. Tabis dorsalis, syringomyelia, section of anterior root & posterior root.
11. Cerebellum: structure, parts, connections, functions, features of cerebellar lesion.
12. Basal ganglia: components, connections, functions, applied.

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

13. Muscle tone, posture, equilibrium, regulation of muscle tone & posture, vestibular apparatus.
14. Autonomic nervous system: organization and functions.
15. Hypothalamus: structure & functions, temperature regulation.
16. Physiology of thalamus, reticular formation, RAS.
17. EEG, sleep and wakefulness.

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

18. Physiology of limbic system.
19. Higher functions of the brain: learning & memory, speech.
15. Special Sense: 10hrs.
1. Smell: receptor, pathway.
2. Taste: taste buds, pathway.

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

16. c) Vision: structure of eyeball, structure of retina, visual pathway and effects of lesion, image forming mechanism, light reflex, accommodation, errors of refraction, electrophysiology of eye, colour vision, colour blindness, dark adaptation.

    d) Hearing: functional anatomy of the ear, functions of middle ear,organ of corti, hair cell physiology- endocochlear potential, auditory pathway, sound localization, pitch discrimination, deafness.

Practical Physiology

I) Haematology: 60 hrs.

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

1. Compound microscope.
2. Preparation of blood film.
3. StainingwithLeishman's stain.
4. Identification of blood cell.
5. Differential count of WBC.

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

6. Total count of WBC.
7. Total count of RBC.
8. Haemoglobin estimation.
9. Total count of platelets.
10. Blood grouping.

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

11. Bleeding time and clotting time.
12. Haemin crystal.
13. Demonstration of: PCV, ESR, Osmotic fragility, Prothrombin time.

2) Amphibian Practicals: 20 hrs.

1. Demonstration of instruments : Related to amphibian nerve muscle and heart experiments.

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

2. Demonstration of experiments:
1. Effect of single induction shock.
2. Effect of two successive stimuli.
3. Effect of repeated stimuli for genesis of clonus and tetanus.
4. Effect of temperature on simple muscle curve.

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

5. Effect of load on simple muscle curve.
6. Recording of normal cardiogram.
7. Effect of temperature on heart.
8. Stannius ligature.
9. Stimulation of vagus and vagal escape.

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

10. Effects of drugs on heart- Ach, adrenaline.

1. Mammalian Practicals: 10 hrs.
1. Dales tissue organ bath for record of intestinal movements arid effects of drugs.
2. Demonstration for the record of BP and respiration by long extension kymograph:
1. Normal record.

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

2. Effect of common carotid artery occlusion.
3. Effect of adrenalin, noradrenalin, acetyl choline.
2. Human Practicals: 70 hrs.
1. Clinical examination of respiratory system: vocal fremitus, vocal resonance, breath sounds.
2. Clinical examination of CVS: Arterial pulse, apex beat, heart sounds, recording of blood pressure and effects of posture and exercise on BP.

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

3. Clinical examination of nervous system:
1. Examination of cranial nerves.
2. Examination of sensory system.
3. Examination of motor system- examination of superficial and deep reflexes, examination of muscle tone and power.
4. Spirometry- Measurement of lung volumes and capacities.

--- Content provided by‌ FirstRanker.com ---

5. Stethography- Effect of breath holding and deglutition on respiration.
6. Measurement of BMR.
7. Demonstration of ECG, EEG, EMG, ophthalmoscope, bicycle ergometer and arterial blood gas analysis.

Model Question

First M.B.B.S. 200--.

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

PHYSIOLOGY.

First paper.

Time- 2hrs.

Full marks: 50

The figures in the margin indicate full marks.

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

Answer all questions.

1 .Ex plain pacemaker potential. How does cardiac impulse spread from S.A. node to all parts of the heart? What is second degree A.V. nodal block? 3+5+2=10

or

Describe the stages of erythropoiesis and the factors regulating it. Comment on fragility of R.B 4+4+2=10

2.Write short notes on (any five) 3x5=1 5.

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

1. Gastric mucosal barrier.
2. Oxygen-dissociation curve.
3. Vasodilator secreted from endothelium.
4. Excitation-contraction coupling. e) Buffer nerves of heart. f)Rh incompatibility.

3.Explain the physiological basis of the following(any five):

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

1. Low dose of aspirin prevents intravascular thrombosis.
2. When blood pressure decreases below 70mm of Hg,chemoreceptors play important role in control of B.P.
3. Murmurs may be produced in valvular defects of the heart d)Blood coagulation may be hampered in Liver diease. e)Oedema may occur in hypoprotinemia. f)Steatorrhoea may occur in obstructive jaundice.

4. Write the differences between the two(any five): 3x5=1 5

1. Vital capacity and Timed Vital capacity

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

2. Adult haemoglobin and Faetal haemoglobin
3. lsometric and Isotonic contraction
4. Action potential in skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle.
5. Preload and afterload condition of the heart.
6. Hypoxic hypoxia and anaemic hypoxia.

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Model Question

First M.B.B.S., 200—

PHYSIOLOGY

Second Paper

Time: 2hrs.

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

Full marks: 50

The figure in the margin indicate full marks

Answer all questions.

1. Describe the structure of muscle spindle. Explain stretch reflex and inverse stretch reflex. What are the effects of gamma motor neuron discharge? 2½+2½+2½+2½= 10

Or

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Discuss the role of hormones regulating calcium metabolism. Describe Tetany. 7+3=10

2. Write short notes on (any five): 3x5=15

1. Angiotensin II b)Organ of corti
2. Ovulation d) G.F.R
3. Myopia f) R.E.M sleep

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

3. Explain the physiolocal basis of the following(any five): 2x5=10

1. In uncontrolled diabetes mellitus polyphagia is present
2. Visceral pain is often referred to a somatic structure.
3. Dose of steroid administered for treatment is usually decreased gradually before final withdrawal.
4. A pituitary tumour may cause bitemporal hemianopia.

--- Content provided by FirstRanker.com ---

5. Renal threshold for glucose is less than the predicted value.
6. Rhythm method as a contraceptive measure.

4 Write the differences between the two (any five): 3x5=15

1. Upper motor neuron lesion and Lower motor neuron lesion.
2. Static tremor and Intention tremor.

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---

3. F.S.H and L.H.
4. Cortical nephron and Juxta medullary nephron.
5. Rod cells and Cone cells of Retina.
6. Somatostatin and Somatomedin.

Suggested books in Physiology for 1st MBBS course

--- Content provided by⁠ FirstRanker.com ---

Theory

1. Medical physiology A. C. Guyton
2. Review of medical physiology W. F. Ganong
3. Human physiology Vander, Sherman & Luciano

Practical

--- Content provided by‍ FirstRanker.com ---

1. Practical physiology C. L. Ghai
2. Hutchison's clinical methods
3. Mclleod's clinical examination
4. Practical physiology Pal & Pal (Orient Longman)

FirstRanker.com

--- Content provided by​ FirstRanker.com ---