OBJECTIVES:
General overview of hip bone.
Side determination and anatomical position.
Ilium bone
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1.Two ends: upper & lower ends.2.Three borders: Anterior, posterior & medial
borders.
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3.Three surfaces: Gluteal surface, iliac fossa,sacropelvic surface.
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HIP BONE/ OS COXAE/ INNOMINATE BONELarge , irregular bone.
Two hip bones along with sacrum & coccyx forms
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the bony pelvis.Parts: a) Ilium
b) Ischium
c) Pubis
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SIDE DETERMINATION & ANTOMICAL
POSITION:
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Ilium is expanded and projects upwards.Pubis faces forwards and medially above the
obturator foramen.
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Acetabular cavity faces forwards, downwardsand laterally.
ASIS and pubic crest lie in the same vertical
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level.
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ILIUMILIUM
Ilium is the flat, expanded portion
above the acetabular cavity.
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It has:
a)2 ends: Upper and Lower
b)3 borders: Anterior, Posterior & Medial
c)3 surfaces: Gluteal surface, Iliac fossa
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& sacropelvic surfaceENDS:
I. UPPER END/ ILIAC CREST:
o Expanded and elongated.
o ASIS: Projected anterior end of the iliac crest.
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Attachments: i) Lateral end of inguinal ligament.ii) Sartorius arises below the
inguinal ligament.
o PSIS: Projected posterior end of the iliac crest.
o Highest point of the iliac crest lies at the level of 3rd and 4th
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lumbar spine.
o Iliac crest is divided into: Ventral 2/3 segment.
Dorsal 1/3 segment.
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A) VENTRAL 2/3 SEGMENT:
Possesses:
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1) OUTER LIP?
Has a tubercle 5 Cm above
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and behind the ASIS calledthe tubercle of iliac crest.
?
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Attachments:
I.
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Tensor fascia lata: originatesin front of the tubercle of
iliac crest.
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II.
External oblique muscle:
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inserted into anterior 2/3 ofouter lip.
III. Latissimus dorsi: originates
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just behind its highest point.
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2. INNER LIP:Attachments:
I. Transversus abdominis:
anterior 2/3
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II. Quadratus lumborum and
lumber fascia: posterior
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1/33. INTERMEDIATE AREA
? Lies between outer and
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inner lips. Internal obliquemuscle arises from it.
DORSAL 1/3 SEGMENT:
? Ends behind in PSIS.
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? Possesses 2 sloping surfaces: outer and innerseparated by a well marked ridge.
? Attachments:
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1.Glutus Maximus: from outer sloping surface.2.Erector spinae: from inner sloping.
3.Interosseous & dorsal sacroiliac ligament:
attached to the medial margin.
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II. LOWER END:
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Smaller and forms about 2/5th of articular surface of acetabulum.
BORDERS:
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3 borders:1.Anterior
border
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2.Posteriorborder
3.Medial
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border
A) ANTERIOR BORDER:
? Extends from ASIS to acetabulum.
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? Has a small notch below the spine, which gives exit tothe lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh.
? ANTERIOR INFERIOR ILIAC SPINE: projection in the
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lower part of this border.
? Attachments:
1. Straight head of rectus femoris: to upper and anterior
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part
2. Iliofemoral ligament: to lower part
B) POSTERIOR BORDER:
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Runs downward from PSIS to becomecontinuous with posterior border of
ischium. At its lower part it forms the
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upper part of greater sciatic notch.
Has a small notch in its upper part at the
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lower end of which is a projection calledthe PIIS.
C) MEDIAL BORDER:
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Separates the iliac fossa from sacropelvic surface.Its lower part which is smooth and rounded is
known as arcuate line. It extends to the iliopubic
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eminence which is an elevation at the place whereilium and pubis unite.
Attachments:
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1.Psoas minor: inserted to the middle of arcuate line.2.Ventral sacroiliac ligament.
SURFACES:
3 Surfaces: 1. gluteal surface
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2. iliac fossa3. sacropelvic surface
SURFACES:
A) GLUTEAL SURFACE:
? Boundaries:
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v Above by the iliac crest.v Below by upper border of acetabulum.
v In front by anterior border.
v Posteriorly by posterior border.
? Divided by three lines into four areas:
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1. Posterior gluteal line2. Anterior gluteal line
3. Inferior gluteal line
1. Posterior gluteal line: from outer lip of iliac crest
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about 5 cm in front of PSIS to end below just in
front of PIIS.
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2. Anterior gluteal line: starts at the middle part ofupper border of greater sciatic notch and runs
upwards and forwards to become continuous with
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outer lip of iliac crest just in front of the tubercle.
3. Inferior gluteal line: starts above and behind the
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ASIS runs down and behind to end near the upperpart of greater sciatic notch.
Attachments:
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1. Gluteus Maximus: rough area behind the posteriorgluteal line.
2. Gluteal Medius: from area between posterior and
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anterior gluteal lines.
3.Gluteus Minimus: from the area anterior and inferior
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gluteal lines.4. Rectus Femoris (reflected head): below inferior gluteal
line and above acetabulum.
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SURFACES:
B) ILIAC FOSSA:
? Lies between anterior border in front, medial
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border behind and iliac crest above.
? Is smooth and concave.
? Has a nutrient foramen at its posteroinferior
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part.
? Attachment:
1. Iliacus muscle arises from upper 2/3rd of
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this surface.
SURFACES:
C) SACROPELVIC SURFACE:
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? Lies between medial border above and in front and posterior border belowand behind.
? Divided into 3 parts:
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1. Iliac tuberosity: Rough area on dorsal segment of iliac crest.Attachments: liolumbar ligament
Dorsal sacroiliac ligament
Interosseous sacroiliac ligament
2. Articular surface:
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o Lies below and in front of the iliac tuberosity and resembles the shape ofpinna.
o Articulates with the articular surface of the sacrum.
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o Ventral sacroiliac ligament is attached to its anterior and inferior borders3. Pelvic surface:
lies below and inferior of the articular surface
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and helps to form the wall of true pelvis.
Obturator internus muscle arises from this
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surface.THANK YOU.