Download MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery) Latest Ileum Lecture PPT
OBJECTIVES:
General overview of hip bone.
Side determination and anatomical position.
Ilium bone
1.Two ends: upper & lower ends.
2.Three borders: Anterior, posterior & medial
borders.
3.Three surfaces: Gluteal surface, iliac fossa,
sacropelvic surface.
HIP BONE/ OS COXAE/ INNOMINATE BONE
Large , irregular bone.
Two hip bones along with sacrum & coccyx forms
the bony pelvis.
Parts: a) Ilium
b) Ischium
c) Pubis
SIDE DETERMINATION & ANTOMICAL
POSITION:
Ilium is expanded and projects upwards.
Pubis faces forwards and medially above the
obturator foramen.
Acetabular cavity faces forwards, downwards
and laterally.
ASIS and pubic crest lie in the same vertical
level.
ILIUM
ILIUM
Ilium is the flat, expanded portion
above the acetabular cavity.
It has:
a)2 ends: Upper and Lower
b)3 borders: Anterior, Posterior & Medial
c)3 surfaces: Gluteal surface, Iliac fossa
& sacropelvic surface
ENDS:
I. UPPER END/ ILIAC CREST:
o Expanded and elongated.
o ASIS: Projected anterior end of the iliac crest.
Attachments: i) Lateral end of inguinal ligament.
ii) Sartorius arises below the
inguinal ligament.
o PSIS: Projected posterior end of the iliac crest.
o Highest point of the iliac crest lies at the level of 3rd and 4th
lumbar spine.
o Iliac crest is divided into: Ventral 2/3 segment.
Dorsal 1/3 segment.
A) VENTRAL 2/3 SEGMENT:
Possesses:
1) OUTER LIP
?
Has a tubercle 5 Cm above
and behind the ASIS called
the tubercle of iliac crest.
?
Attachments:
I.
Tensor fascia lata: originates
in front of the tubercle of
iliac crest.
II.
External oblique muscle:
inserted into anterior 2/3 of
outer lip.
III. Latissimus dorsi: originates
just behind its highest point.
2. INNER LIP:
Attachments:
I. Transversus abdominis:
anterior 2/3
II. Quadratus lumborum and
lumber fascia: posterior
1/3
3. INTERMEDIATE AREA
? Lies between outer and
inner lips. Internal oblique
muscle arises from it.
DORSAL 1/3 SEGMENT:
? Ends behind in PSIS.
? Possesses 2 sloping surfaces: outer and inner
separated by a well marked ridge.
? Attachments:
1.Glutus Maximus: from outer sloping surface.
2.Erector spinae: from inner sloping.
3.Interosseous & dorsal sacroiliac ligament:
attached to the medial margin.
II. LOWER END:
Smaller and forms about 2/5th of articular surface of acetabulum.
BORDERS:
3 borders:
1.Anterior
border
2.Posterior
border
3.Medial
border
A) ANTERIOR BORDER:
? Extends from ASIS to acetabulum.
? Has a small notch below the spine, which gives exit to
the lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh.
? ANTERIOR INFERIOR ILIAC SPINE: projection in the
lower part of this border.
? Attachments:
1. Straight head of rectus femoris: to upper and anterior
part
2. Iliofemoral ligament: to lower part
B) POSTERIOR BORDER:
Runs downward from PSIS to become
continuous with posterior border of
ischium. At its lower part it forms the
upper part of greater sciatic notch.
Has a small notch in its upper part at the
lower end of which is a projection called
the PIIS.
C) MEDIAL BORDER:
Separates the iliac fossa from sacropelvic surface.
Its lower part which is smooth and rounded is
known as arcuate line. It extends to the iliopubic
eminence which is an elevation at the place where
ilium and pubis unite.
Attachments:
1.Psoas minor: inserted to the middle of arcuate line.
2.Ventral sacroiliac ligament.
SURFACES:
3 Surfaces: 1. gluteal surface
2. iliac fossa
3. sacropelvic surface
SURFACES:
A) GLUTEAL SURFACE:
? Boundaries:
v Above by the iliac crest.
v Below by upper border of acetabulum.
v In front by anterior border.
v Posteriorly by posterior border.
? Divided by three lines into four areas:
1. Posterior gluteal line
2. Anterior gluteal line
3. Inferior gluteal line
1. Posterior gluteal line: from outer lip of iliac crest
about 5 cm in front of PSIS to end below just in
front of PIIS.
2. Anterior gluteal line: starts at the middle part of
upper border of greater sciatic notch and runs
upwards and forwards to become continuous with
outer lip of iliac crest just in front of the tubercle.
3. Inferior gluteal line: starts above and behind the
ASIS runs down and behind to end near the upper
part of greater sciatic notch.
Attachments:
1. Gluteus Maximus: rough area behind the posterior
gluteal line.
2. Gluteal Medius: from area between posterior and
anterior gluteal lines.
3.Gluteus Minimus: from the area anterior and inferior
gluteal lines.
4. Rectus Femoris (reflected head): below inferior gluteal
line and above acetabulum.
SURFACES:
B) ILIAC FOSSA:
? Lies between anterior border in front, medial
border behind and iliac crest above.
? Is smooth and concave.
? Has a nutrient foramen at its posteroinferior
part.
? Attachment:
1. Iliacus muscle arises from upper 2/3rd of
this surface.
SURFACES:
C) SACROPELVIC SURFACE:
? Lies between medial border above and in front and posterior border below
and behind.
? Divided into 3 parts:
1. Iliac tuberosity: Rough area on dorsal segment of iliac crest.
Attachments: liolumbar ligament
Dorsal sacroiliac ligament
Interosseous sacroiliac ligament
2. Articular surface:
o Lies below and in front of the iliac tuberosity and resembles the shape of
pinna.
o Articulates with the articular surface of the sacrum.
o Ventral sacroiliac ligament is attached to its anterior and inferior borders
3. Pelvic surface:
lies below and inferior of the articular surface
and helps to form the wall of true pelvis.
Obturator internus muscle arises from this
surface.
THANK YOU.
This post was last modified on 30 November 2021