Download MBBS Ileum Lecture PPT

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1.Two ends: upper & lower ends.
2.Three borders: Anterior, posterior & medial

borders.

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3.Three surfaces: Gluteal surface, iliac fossa,

sacropelvic surface.

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HIP BONE/ OS COXAE/ INNOMINATE BONE

Large , irregular bone.
Two hip bones along with sacrum & coccyx forms

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the bony pelvis.

Parts: a) Ilium
b) Ischium
c) Pubis

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SIDE DETERMINATION & ANTOMICAL

POSITION:

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Ilium is expanded and projects upwards.
Pubis faces forwards and medially above the

obturator foramen.

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Acetabular cavity faces forwards, downwards

and laterally.

ASIS and pubic crest lie in the same vertical

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level.

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ILIUM
ILIUM
Ilium is the flat, expanded portion

above the acetabular cavity.

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It has:
a)2 ends: Upper and Lower
b)3 borders: Anterior, Posterior & Medial
c)3 surfaces: Gluteal surface, Iliac fossa

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& sacropelvic surface
ENDS:
I. UPPER END/ ILIAC CREST:
o Expanded and elongated.
o ASIS: Projected anterior end of the iliac crest.

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Attachments: i) Lateral end of inguinal ligament.
ii) Sartorius arises below the
inguinal ligament.
o PSIS: Projected posterior end of the iliac crest.
o Highest point of the iliac crest lies at the level of 3rd and 4th

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lumbar spine.

o Iliac crest is divided into: Ventral 2/3 segment.
Dorsal 1/3 segment.

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A) VENTRAL 2/3 SEGMENT:

Possesses:

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1) OUTER LIP
?

Has a tubercle 5 Cm above

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and behind the ASIS called

the tubercle of iliac crest.

?

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Attachments:

I.

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Tensor fascia lata: originates

in front of the tubercle of

iliac crest.

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II.

External oblique muscle:

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inserted into anterior 2/3 of

outer lip.

III. Latissimus dorsi: originates

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just behind its highest point.

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2. INNER LIP:
Attachments:
I. Transversus abdominis:

anterior 2/3

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II. Quadratus lumborum and

lumber fascia: posterior

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1/3

3. INTERMEDIATE AREA
? Lies between outer and

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inner lips. Internal oblique

muscle arises from it.
DORSAL 1/3 SEGMENT:
? Ends behind in PSIS.

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? Possesses 2 sloping surfaces: outer and inner

separated by a well marked ridge.

? Attachments:

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1.Glutus Maximus: from outer sloping surface.
2.Erector spinae: from inner sloping.
3.Interosseous & dorsal sacroiliac ligament:

attached to the medial margin.

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II. LOWER END:

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Smaller and forms about 2/5th of articular surface of acetabulum.


BORDERS:

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3 borders:
1.Anterior

border

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2.Posterior

border

3.Medial

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border
A) ANTERIOR BORDER:

? Extends from ASIS to acetabulum.

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? Has a small notch below the spine, which gives exit to

the lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh.

? ANTERIOR INFERIOR ILIAC SPINE: projection in the

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lower part of this border.

? Attachments:
1. Straight head of rectus femoris: to upper and anterior

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part

2. Iliofemoral ligament: to lower part
B) POSTERIOR BORDER:

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Runs downward from PSIS to become

continuous with posterior border of

ischium. At its lower part it forms the

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upper part of greater sciatic notch.

Has a small notch in its upper part at the

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lower end of which is a projection called

the PIIS.

C) MEDIAL BORDER:

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Separates the iliac fossa from sacropelvic surface.
Its lower part which is smooth and rounded is

known as arcuate line. It extends to the iliopubic

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eminence which is an elevation at the place where

ilium and pubis unite.

Attachments:

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1.Psoas minor: inserted to the middle of arcuate line.
2.Ventral sacroiliac ligament.
SURFACES:

3 Surfaces: 1. gluteal surface

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2. iliac fossa
3. sacropelvic surface
SURFACES:
A) GLUTEAL SURFACE:
? Boundaries:

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v Above by the iliac crest.
v Below by upper border of acetabulum.
v In front by anterior border.
v Posteriorly by posterior border.
? Divided by three lines into four areas:

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1. Posterior gluteal line
2. Anterior gluteal line
3. Inferior gluteal line

1. Posterior gluteal line: from outer lip of iliac crest

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about 5 cm in front of PSIS to end below just in

front of PIIS.

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2. Anterior gluteal line: starts at the middle part of

upper border of greater sciatic notch and runs

upwards and forwards to become continuous with

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outer lip of iliac crest just in front of the tubercle.

3. Inferior gluteal line: starts above and behind the

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ASIS runs down and behind to end near the upper

part of greater sciatic notch.
Attachments:

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1. Gluteus Maximus: rough area behind the posterior

gluteal line.

2. Gluteal Medius: from area between posterior and

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anterior gluteal lines.

3.Gluteus Minimus: from the area anterior and inferior

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gluteal lines.

4. Rectus Femoris (reflected head): below inferior gluteal

line and above acetabulum.

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SURFACES:

B) ILIAC FOSSA:
? Lies between anterior border in front, medial

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border behind and iliac crest above.

? Is smooth and concave.
? Has a nutrient foramen at its posteroinferior

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part.

? Attachment:
1. Iliacus muscle arises from upper 2/3rd of

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this surface.

SURFACES:
C) SACROPELVIC SURFACE:

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? Lies between medial border above and in front and posterior border below

and behind.

? Divided into 3 parts:

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1. Iliac tuberosity: Rough area on dorsal segment of iliac crest.
Attachments: liolumbar ligament
Dorsal sacroiliac ligament
Interosseous sacroiliac ligament
2. Articular surface:

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o Lies below and in front of the iliac tuberosity and resembles the shape of

pinna.

o Articulates with the articular surface of the sacrum.

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o Ventral sacroiliac ligament is attached to its anterior and inferior borders

3. Pelvic surface:

lies below and inferior of the articular surface

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and helps to form the wall of true pelvis.

Obturator internus muscle arises from this

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surface.

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