Download MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery) Latest Nutrition Lecture PPT
INTRODUCTION
Nutrition is best defined as the composition and
quantity of food intake and utilization of the food by
living organisms
Study of human nutrition can be divided in to three
areas i.e under nutrition, over nutrition and ideal
nutrition
Various dietary components required for optimal
nutrition are carbohhydrates,lipids ,proteins,vitamins
and minerals
Importance of Carbohydrates
The dietary carbohydrates provide a major fraction of
the body's energy needs
Ideally carbohydrates may provide about 60-65% of
the total calories
The carbohydrates in diet may be available or
unavailable
The available carbohydrates can be metabolized by
the body to give energy e.g. starch
The unavailable carbohydrates can not be assimilated
and constitute only the dietary fiber.
Dietary Fiber
The unavailable or indigestible carbohydrates in the
diet is called dietary fibre
Fibres are also known as roughage or bulk
Functional fiber are isolated nondigestible
carbohydrates that have beneficial physiological
effects in humans
Dietary fibers have different chemical and physical
properties
They have been mainly classified in to two types
1.Soluble
2. Insoluble
Importance of dietary fibers
Cellulose , hemicellulose and lignin absorb water and
increase stool bulk and thus decreases intestinal
transit time and are associated with the effect of fiber
on regularity
They decrease intracolonic pressure and appear to
play a beneficial role with respect to diverticular
diseases
By diluting out potential carcinogens and speeding
their transit through the colon, they may also play a
role in reducing the risk of colon cancer
Mucilaginous fibres such as pectin and gums,tend to form
viscous gels in stomach and small intestine and slow the
rate of gastric emptying,thus slowing the rate of
absorption of cholesterol and carbohydrates
Pectin and gums bind bile acids and increases their
excretion and thus lowering the cholesterol level in blood
Fiber rich diet being indigestable giving a feeling of fullness
without consumption of excess calories and thus prevent
us from obesity and its associated complications
This post was last modified on 30 November 2021