Download MBBS Popliteal Fossa and Arteries of Thigh Lecture PPT

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the knee joint
? BOUNDARIES

? CONTENTS

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? APPLIED ANATOMY

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Upper Medial

Boundary

Comprises two

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muscles

?Semimembranosus

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?Semitendinosus

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Boundaries of the

Popliteal Fossa

Upper Lateral Boundary

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Tendon of Biceps

Femoris

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Boundaries of the

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Popliteal Fossa

Lower Lateral Boundary

Lateral Head of

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Gastrocnemius

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Boundaries of the Popliteal Fossa

Lower Medial Boundary

Medial Head of Gastrocnemius

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ARTERIES OF THIGH


FEMORAL ARTERY
FEMORAL ARTERY

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? It is the main artery of the lower limb.

? It enters the femoral triangle behind the inguinal ligament

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at the midinguinal point.

? It runs downward and medially successively via the femoral

triangle and adductor canal.

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? At the lower end of the adductor canal , it leaves the thigh

via the adductor hiatus to go into the popliteal fossa where it

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continues as the popliteal artery.


SURFACE MARKING

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? Femoral artery is

represented by the

upper two-thirds of a

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line joining the

midinguinal point to the

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adductor tubercle.

The thigh is slightly

flexed, abducted and

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laterally rotated
RELATIONS OF THE FEMORAL ARTERY IN THE

FEMORAL TRIANGLE

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1. The main anterior relations are the skin, superficial fascia,

deep fascia and the anterior wall of the femoralsheath.

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2. Posteriorly, the artery rests, from above downwards

on

? Psoas major,

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? Pectineus ,

? The profunda artery comes behind the femoral artery as it

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lies on the pectineus.

? The nerve to Pectineus passes (from the femoral nerve)

mediallybehind the artery.

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? Adductor longus.

? The posterior wall of the femoral sheath Intervenes

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between these structures and the artery.

RELATIONS OF THE FEMORAL ARTERY IN THE

FEMORAL TRIANGLE

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3. The femoral artery & the femoral vein.

? The femoral artery is accompanied by the femoral vein Just

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below the inguinal ligament. The vein is medial to the artery.

? However, the femoral vein gradually crosses to the lateral

side posterior to the artery.

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? Femoral vein is directly behind the artery at the apex of the

femoral triangle, and lateral to the lower end of the artery.

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RELATIONS OF THE FEMORAL ARTERY IN THE

FEMORAL TRIANGLE

4. The femoral nerve is lateral to upper part of the artery.

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? Lower down the artery is related to the branches of the

nerve, some of which cross it.

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? The branch to the pectineus crosses behind the upper part

of the artery.

? The medial cutaneous nerve of the thigh crosses the artery

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from lateral to medial side near the apex of the femoral

triangle.

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? The saphenous branch crosses the artery within the

adductor canal.

? The nerve to the vastus medialis is lateral to the artery in

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the adductor canal.
RELATIONS OF THE FEMORAL ARTERY IN

THE FEMORAL TRIANGLE

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5. The femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve is also

lateral to the upper part of the femoral artery, within the

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femoral sheath, but lower down it passes to the front of the

artery.

6. The profunda femoris artery a branch of the femoral

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artery itself, and its companion vein, lie behind the upper part

of the femoral artery, where it lies on the pectineus.

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? Lower down, however, the femoral and profunda

arteries are separated by the adductor longus

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POPLITEAL ARTERY

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