Download MBBS Anatomy PPT 32 Histology Of Bone Notes

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LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Histological Organisation of Bone
Bone Cells and Matrix
Formation of Bone

Intramembranous Ossification
Endochondral Ossification

Reorganisation and Restoration of Bone

STRUCTURE OF LONG BONE

BASED ON BONE MATURITY

Lamellar bone

WOVEN BONE

LAMELLAR BONE

? Lamellar appearance - arrangement of collagen fibres

? Woven bone is weak- repair of fracture




TYPES OF BONE : macroscopically

Trabecular bone :

?Cancellous or spongy bone
?Ends of long bones

Compact bone:

?Forms thick-walled tube of the shaft (or diaphysis)
?A thin layer of compact bone also covers the

epiphyses of long bones.

COMPACT BONE

?Matrix
?Lamellae*
?Lacunae
?Canaliculi
?Haversian Canals

COMPACT BONE- UNSTAINED

?Haversian system - Osteon
?Interstitial lamellae
?Circumferential lamellae
?Endosteal lamellae
?Volkmann's Canals

COMPACT BONE

Schmorl Stained

Ground section - unstained




TRABECULAR BONE

No Haversian systems

PAGET'S DISEASE
Woven bone and Lamellar bone in disorganised manner

BONE MATRIX

?Collagen fibres (about 90% of the organic substance)
?Ground substance- osteonectin, osteocalcin
?Collagen type I
?Hardness of the matrix - inorganic salts
?Calcification - few days to several months.

BONE CELLS

?Osteoprogenitor cells (stem cells)

?Osteoblasts (or bone forming cells)

?Osteocytes

?Osteoclasts

(Haematopoietic cells)




OSTEOCLASTS

?Large (up to 100 ?m)
?Multi-nucleated (up to 50 nuclei in the actual cell)
?Arise by the fusion of monocytes
?Resorption bays/Howship's lacunae
?Stimulated by parathormone
?Inhibited by calcitonin

FORMATION OF BONE: INTRAMEMBRANOUS

?Osteoprogenitor cells
?Osteoblasts - deposit osteoid
?Woven network - no lamellae
?Osteoid calcifies
?Primitive trabecular bone
?Primitive compact bone
?Subsequent reorganisation

INTRAMEMBRANOUS OSSIFICATION

INTRAMEMBRANOUS OSSIFICATION




ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION

?Cartilage bone model
?Calcification of intercellular substance (ALP)
?Periosteal bud invasion

ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION

?Osteoprogenitor cells - enter hypertrophied and partial

calcified cartilage

?Mature into osteoblasts
?Deposition of new bone on calcified cartilage

ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION

ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION




EPIPHYSEAL PLATE

EPIPHYSEAL PLATE

1. Resting zone

2. Proliferation zone

3. Hypertrophic zone

4. Calcification zone

5. Ossification zone

GROWTH OF BONE

Bone formation and bone resorption go hand in

hand during the growth of bone.


REORGANISATION AND RESTORATION

?During growth period and continues
?Changes of tensile and compressive forces.
?Wear and tear occurring in bone
?Osteoclasts and osteoblasts
?Forms new Haversian system within the matrix of

compact bone.

?Older Haversian systems - interstitial lamellae
?Capillaries and nerves sprout in

OSTEOPOROSIS

WHAT IS COMPACT BONE?

a. Dense bone
b. Woven bone
c. Immature bone
d. Spongy bone

WHAT CELL IS INVOLVED IN BONE RESORPTION?

a. Osteoclast
b. Osteon
c. Osteocyte
d. Osteoid


WHAT TYPE OF BASIC TISSUE TYPE IS
BONE?

a. Epithelium
b. Connective tissue
c. Muscle
d. Bone

WHAT IS WOVEN BONE?

a. Cancellous bone
b. Dense bone
c. Immature bone
d. Spongy bone

WHAT ARE THE SPICULES ON SPONGY
BONE CALLED?

a. Canaliculi
b. Sharpey's fibers
c. Trabeculae
d. Lacuna

WHAT IS BONE FORMATION CALLED WHEN
THE BONE IS FORMED DIRECTLY, WITHOUT
USING A CARTILAGE TEMPLATE?

a. Intraosseous
b. Intramembranous
c. Endochondral
d. Endosteum


WHAT FORMS THE EPIPHYSEAL GROWTH
PLATE?

a. Fibrocartilage
b. Hyaline cartilage
c. Compact bone
d. Spongy bone

This post was last modified on 05 April 2022