Download MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery) Important Topics Pediatric Spotter for MBBS 1st Year Important Topics, MBBS 2nd Year Important Topics, MBBS 3rd Year Important Topics & MBBS Final Year Important Topics.
Scabies
Caused by Sarcoptes scabei
Treatment - oral - ivermectin, topical - permethrine and benzyl benzoate
Koilonychia- Spoon shaped nails
Iron deficiency anemia
Undescended testes - cryptorchidism
Complications - torsion, trauma and seminoma
Should be corrected in one year by surgery - orchidopexy
Purpura
DD - Kawasaki disease
Epicanthal fold
Seen in Down's and turners, Mongolian race, Kawasaki disease. Sometimes
normally seen in newborn but disappears in 1-2 months of age
Congenital hypothyroidism
Macroglossia, cretin facies
Should be diagnosed within 72 hours by heel prick blood sample. Maximum by 1
month and thyroxine should be started
Dose of T4 - 10-15 micrograms per kg per day
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Due to systemic spread of exotoxin of Staph. aureus
Treatment is supportive
Ambiguous genitalia
Causes - 46 XX -congenital adrenal hyperplasia, maternal virilisation, aromatase
deficiency
46 XY - maternal virilisation
(Don't know for sure)
Cracked skin
DD - Kawasaki disease
Goitre
Clubbing
Causes - suppurative lung diseases, Crohn's disease, cyanotic heart disease, liver
cirrhosis
Polymorphic varicella rash
Strawberry tongue - Scarlett fever
Also seen in Kawasaki disease, toxic shock syndr, and in Vitamin
deficiencies(Niacin)
Sub-ungual peeling
DD - Kawasaki disease
Mantoux test
The two bars indicate the lines drawn to measure the diameter of induration
Delayed type 4 hypersensitivity reaction
Peri-orbital puffiness
Nephrotic syndrome
Polydactyly
Seen in Turner's, Trisomy 13
Hypertelorism (maldevelopment of sphenoid bone)
Causes - Trisomy 21, congenital hypothyroidism, thalasemia major, turner's synd,
william's syndrome
Vitamin A deficiency
Treatment - less than 6 months 50,000 IU
6 - 12 months - 1 lakh IU
Greater than 1 year - 2 lakh IU
Prophylaxis - 1 lakh IU at 9 months
2 lakh IU at 16-24 months
Collodion baby
Genu valgum - knock knees
Causes - rickets, fracture of medial epiphyseal plates
Herpes zoster ophthalmicus
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Gives the appearance of a male genitalia to a female baby
Palmar erythema/carotinemia
Nephrotic syndrome
Mumps - parotid swelling
Paramyxovirus
Cleft palate
Sturge-Weber syndrome
Facial nevus flammens usually in the distribution of the first branch of trigeminal
nerve
Surgery is necessary for symptomatic cases
Dengue rash
Turner's syndrome
A - webbed neck
B - cubitus valgus (increased carrying angle)
C - lymphedema
Hydrocephalus
Measles
Maculopapular rash - morbilliform rash
Microcephaly
Goitre
(Jayawardane sir told this won't be kept for exam)
Kwashiorkor
Congenital inguinal hernia or hydrocoele
Down's syndrome
Mongoloid facies
Cleft palate
Diaper rash - inflammation of the skin by persistent contact with anemia
Right-sided facial palsy
Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura / meningococcal rash (I don't know)
Small vessel vasculitis.
Purpura found over buttocks and lower limbs and is palpable
Complications - renal failure, CNS vasculitis, GB syndrome, coma
Treatment - prednisolone and supportive
Congenital hypothyroidism
This post was last modified on 24 July 2021