Download MBBS Anatomy PPT 67 Liver Notes

Download MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery) Human Anatomy ppt lectures Topic 67 Liver Notes. - anatomy ppt free download human anatomy ppt lectures, medicine notes ppt, anatomy handwritten notes pdf, mbbs 1st year anatomy notes pdf download, best anatomy notes pdf, human anatomy notes pdf, anatomy easy notes pdf, anatomy notes online, anatomy short notes, Anatomy ppt, Powerpoint Presentations and lecture notes.




Surface projection

of liver

LIVER ? HEPAR

Largest Gland, exocrine secretion (bile),

metabolic functions

Weight ?

1.6 kg , fragile tissue, 1.3kg females,

Reddish Brown C.

Newborn - 5% of body weight, Adult - 2.5% of body wt

Shape- wedge, four sided pyramid

laid on one side.


LIVER ? HEPAR

Position: right diaphragmatic dome --- left medioclavicular line

Rt. Hypochond. ? epigastric- Lt.hypochond.


Five surfaces- Ant., Post., Sup., Inf. & Right.

Coverings of the liver

1. T. SEROSA (X area nuda)

= visceral peritoneum

2. FASCIA GLISSONI

DIAPHRAGMATIC SURFACE

Two lobes - right and left l.

Ligaments:

Lig. teres hepatis

- obliterated umbilical vein

ligament falciforme hepatis

(attachment to the peritoneum of

anterior abdominal wall)


Coronary hepatic lig.

Triangular hepatic lig.

LIG.TERES HEPATIS



,,BARE AREA" ( ,,Area nuda") ? not

covered by peritoneum, fused with

diaphragm, bordered by ligaments


Ligaments:

- Lig. teres hepatis - obliterated

umbilical vein

-Falciform hepatic ligament

DIAPHRAGM

(attachment to the peritoneum

- of anterior abdominal wall)

- Coronary hepatic lig.

- Triangular hepatic lig.



VISCERAL SURFACE

LOBES :

1. Lobus dexter ? right lobe

2. l. sinister ? left l.

3. l. caudatus ? caudate l.

4. l. quadratus ? quadrate l.

PORTA

HEPATIS

Borders among lobes ? fissures

,,H"

Imprints of surrounding organs:

Right lobe-

duodenum, right kidney and suprarenal gland,

right colic flexure

Left lobe -

stomach, oesophagus


VISCERAL SURFACE

Caudate Lobe : post. Surf.

Rt. ? Groove fr IVC

Lt.- Fissure fr Lig. Ven.

Inf.- Porta hepatis

PORTA

HEPATIS

Quadrate Lobe : Inf. Surf.

Ant. ? Inf. Border

Post.- Porta hepatis

Rt.-fossa fr G.B.

Lt.- Fissure fr Lig. Teres






PORTA HEPATIS - hepatic triad

Inf. Surface

Deep ,Transverse fissure, 5 cm long.

Between Caudate l. & Quadrate l.

1. PORTAL VEIN

2. PROPER HEPATIC ARTERY (branch of

common HA)

3. Hepatic plexus of nerves

4. RIGHT and LEFT HEPATIC DUCT

- lymphatics, - vegetative nerve


Parasagittal section

through liver

Showing subphrenic

recess and

hepatorenal recess

(Rutherford-Morison pouch)




Liver

Surfaces of Liver

1. Diaphragmatic surface
2. Visceral surface : structures lie like `H'

Visceral

Surface

`H'


Liver

Visceral surface `H'

1. Cross-bar of H = Porta hepatis

?

Hepatic artery, Portal vein, Bile

ducts, Nerves and Lymphatic vss.

2. Lt. inferior of H = Ligamentum teres

hepatis or round ligament of liver

(Remnant of umbilical v.)

3. Lt. superior of H = Ligamentum

venosum (Remnant of ductus venosus)

4. Rt. inferior of H = Gall bladder
5. Rt. superior of H = Inferior vena cava

Visceral

Surface

`H'



Liver

Peritoneal relations

1. Peritoneal ligaments

?

Lesser omentum

?

Falciform ligament

?

Coronary ligaments

?

Triangular ligaments

2. Vascular ligaments

?

Round ligament of the liver

?

Ligamentum venosum


Parts of stomach and lesser omentum


Liver

Bare areas of the liver

peritoneum

1. b/t Ant. & Post. Coronary ligaments

2. Fossa for gall bladder

3. Porta hepatis

4. Fissure for round ligament

5. Fissure for ligamentum venosum

6. Fossa for IVC



Liver

Lobes of liver
1. Anatomical lobation

?

Right lobe

?

Left lobe

?

Caudate lobe

?

Quadrate lobe

2. Functional lobation

?

Right lobe

?

Left lobe

?

By a line passing the gal bladder and IVC

Anatomical lobes


Anatomical lobes

Functional lobes


Functional lobes

Liver

Blood supply of liver
1. Rt. & Lt. hepatic arteries carry

oxygenated blood (25%)

2. Portal vein carries venous blood

(75%) rich in nutrients

3. Hepatic veins drain venous blood

to IVC



Nerve

Anterior vagal trunk

? Hepatic plexus

contains symp. +

parasympath. Or vagal

fibers

? Nerve also reach liver

via various peritoneal

ligaments.

Celiac plexus


Liver

Lymphatic drainage of liver
Liver is a major lymph-producing organ
(1/4 -1/2 of lymph Thoracic duct)
?

Diaphragmatic surface of liver drains

to Phrenic nodes

?

Visceral surface & deep lymphatics

along portal triads drains to Porta

Hepatis Hepatic nodes Coeliac

nodes Cisterna chyli Thoracic

duct

Lymphatic drainage of liver


Lymphatic

drainage of GI

tract

Arterial Supply-

Hepatic artery

Portal vein

Rt& Lt. Branches -> segmental vessels ->

Interlobular ? Hepatic sinusoids. Mixes

Venous Drainage- Hepatic sinusoids-

interlobular + sublobular v. + Hepatic v. -

> I.V.C.

Nerve Supply- Hepatic plexus contains

symp. + parasympath. Or vagal fibers

Nerve also reach liver via various

peritoneal ligaments.


Gal bladder & Biliary tracts

Gal bladder & Biliary tracts

Biliary system consists of
1. Gall bladder
2. Biliary tracts

Cystic duct, hepatic ducts,

common hepatic duct and

common bile duct


Gal bladder

? Length 7-10 cm.
? Capacity 30-50 ml
? b/t Rt. lobe & Quadrate

lobe of liver

? Surface projection

Fundus of gallbladder =

Murphy's point

Gal bladder

Spiral valve

Neck

Body

Gallbladder has 4 portions
1. Fundus

2. Body

3. Neck Infundibulum :

Hartmann's pouch

Hartmann's

pouch

Internal surface : folds, spiral

folds and crypts of Luschka

Fundus

Crypts

of

Luschka


Gal bladder

Gal bladder

Blood supply of gallbladder

Cystic artery

1. Cystic artery from

Right Hepatic artery

(in Calot's triangle

Cholecystectomy)

2. Cystic vein : tributary of

Portal vein

Calot's triangle

Biliary tract

1. Cystic duct : ~ 3-4 cm

: spiral valve of Heister

2. Common hepatic duct

: ~ 3.5 cm
: from Rt. & Lt. hepatic

ducts

3. Common bile duct

: ~ 7-8 cm, Dia- 6mm

1+2 3


Biliary tract

Common bile duct has 4 parts

? Supraduodenal- Liver---portal

v. epi. For.? Hep. Art.

? Retroduodenal
? Infraduodenal
? Intraduodenal

Common bile duct + Major pancreatic duct

Hepatopancreatic ampulla (Ampulla of Vater)

Opening is Greater duodenal papilla in 2nd

part of duodenum (surrounded by Sphincter of Oddi)


Icteric sclera

Compression of common

bile duct resulted in

obstructive jaundice

Biliary tract]

Anterior vagal trunk

Nerves of Gallbladder
? Symp : Celiac plexus
? Parasymp : Ant. and

Post. vagal trunks

Celiac plexus


Biliary tract

Lymphatic drainage of Gallbladder
? Drain to Hepatic nodes of cystic nodes

Celiac nodes

Applied Anatomy

? Cholelithiasis
? Cholecystitis
? Murphy's sign
? Courvoisier's law- dilatation

of the G.B. occurs only in

extrinsic obst. Of CBD ,

fibrosis

? Jaundice


Radiograph of gallbladder

& biliary tracts

This post was last modified on 05 April 2022